Melbourne Conservatorium of Music - Research Publications

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    Expanding online education frontiers - needs, opportunities and examples
    McKenzie, S ; Osborne, M ; Johnson, C ; Nixon, G ; Graydon, K ; Tomlin, D ; Sarah Van, D ; Jongenelis, M ; McKenzie, S ; Arulkadacham, L ; Chung, J ; Aziz, Z (Nova Science, 2022)
    The Future of Online Education provides a vision of a fully successful online education future and practical ways to best turn this vision into a reality, and benefit from it, for online education decision makers, designers, educators and students. The book provides emerging online education knowledge, perspectives, issues and opportunities, and integrates these with practical ways for online education providers and recipients to fully benefit from their great new opportunities. The book is a valuable guide to achieving the best possible online education future and will comprehensively support online education development and implementation across courses and institutions. The Future of Online Education also provides a unique coming together of online education expert perspectives, ideas, examples and resources that will inform, inspire and support a whole-hearted entering into and advancing of our emerging online education world.
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    Ethical considerations for sustainable music training using VR technology: a case study of performance anxiety.
    Osborne, M ; Glasser, S ; Loveridge, B ( 2022-04-08)
    Presentation given at the 2022 Teaching Music Online in Higher Education (TMOHE) and Music, Education and Technology (MET) online international conference. INTRODUCTION Simulation training is used to develop performance skills in various disciplines, particularly where in-situ training is either impossible or unsafe to implement (Renganayagalu et al., 2021). Such training enables learners to acclimatise to real-life stressors and anxiety-inducing scenarios in a physically and/or psychologically safe environments, to protect against performance decrements which reveal themselves in high pressure contexts rather than low-stress practice sessions. BACKGROUND Recent work using immersive virtual reality (VR) provides preliminary evidence of the capacity of this technology to evoke music performance anxiety (Fadeev et al., 2020; Fanger et al., 2020). In this study, we explore the capacity of VR to assist music students to develop technical and psychological competence to perform at their best under pressure implemented within tertiary music institution settings. METHOD Richie’s Plank Experience (Toast VR, 2016) was used to approximate the physiological symptoms of high-stress performance in a single case pilot study with a highly trained violinist. Prior to exposure, a performance psychologist taught the participant a pre-performance routine with demonstrated utility in musicians (Osborne et al., 2014). The psychologist subsequently guided the participant remotely through the routine via Zoom, whilst the participant was immersed in the VR environment. Heart rate, subjective units of distress, and confidence measurements were taken across five levels of exposure which varied the integration of instrument and intervention. FINDINGS The plank task induced a notable stress response. Additionally, the musician was receptive to pre-performance routine instructions to downregulate their stress response. This created a performance focus when in the VR environment, demonstrated by decreased anxiety and increased confidence ratings across performance tasks. IMPLICATIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS We provide preliminary evidence for the capacity of immersive VR to induce the situational stress required to trigger a cascade of physical and psychological responses. The benefits of this technology need to be considered alongside areas such as privacy, storage, access, and accessibility