Melbourne Conservatorium of Music - Research Publications

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    Online music learning: informal, formal and STEAM contexts
    Johnson, C ; Hawley, SH (Begell House, 2017)
    The increased development and learning benefits of online learning technologies have prompted music educators to rethink the possibilities of learning music online (Crawford, 2013). Found throughout the Internet on sites such as Online Academy of Irish Music Online, BanjoHangout.com and MusicTheory.net, online music learning has firmly established a base of informal learning. The informal online music learning context has been built through specific affinity groupings ‑ online communities and websites that promote learning music through identity, community or curriculum skill sets. The innovation of formal online music learning (i.e. post‑secondary credited courses) utilizes the academic learner′s affinity for music. According to preliminary data as identified in this paper, formal online music learning is currently increasing at an exponential rate of inclusion. While formal online music learning is not a fix‑all for niche faculty programs like music, it can present opportunities for offering students flexibility in time and location, community of collaboration, and assistive learning modalities for broader ranges of students (Crawford, 2013; Johnson, 2016). Dove‑tailing on the innovations available in online music learning, we conclude by highlighting the field of audio engineering ‑ a discipline that requires both music and mathematical skills. As a connector to STEAM education, online learning becomes an important learning support for audio engineering students taking physics as they can better experience audio, visual and practical aspects of music and physical mathematics.
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    Improvisation, Music Education, and the Embodied Mind
    van der Schyff, D ( 2018-07-24)
    IICSI colloquium - Sounding Promise in the Present Tense, University of British Columbia, Canada - July 24th, 2018 Presentation given by Dylan van der Schyff at the 2018 IICSI colloquium "Sounding Promise in the Present Tense: Improvising Through Turbulent Times." van der Schyff discusses improvisation in relation to music education and theories of cognition.
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    Phenomenology, Technology and Arts Education: Exploring the Pedagogical Possibilities of Two Multimedia Arts Inquiry Projects
    Schyff, DVD (Inference, 2016)
    The relevance of phenomenology for arts education is explored through two multimedia arts inquiry projects. I begin by offering a brief outline of what arts inquiry and phenomenology entail. Following this, I consider a phenomenological study relevant to creative multimedia studies, and develop the relationship between phenomenology, critical pedagogy, and creative praxis in the arts. Drawing on these ideas, I then discuss the processes involved in creating the multimedia projects and consider possibilities for similar projects in educational contexts. Most importantly, I attempt to show how such projects might open arts educators and students to more reflective, imaginative and participatory ways of being-in-the-world, while simultaneously developing deeper historical, cultural, technical, and aesthetic understandings of the art forms they are engaged with.
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    Group music therapy to support community-dwelling older adults living with dementia and their carers
    Clark, IN ( 2018-06-29)
    DAAD-UA symposium - Music Therapy and Dementia - Singende Krankenhäuser
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    Older adults' music listening preferences to support physical activity following cardiac rehabilitation
    Clark, IN ; Baker, FA ; Taylor, NF ( 2016-01-01)
    Background: Music listening during exercise is thought to increase physiological arousal and enhance subjective experience, and may support physical activity participation among older adults with cardiac disease. However, little is known about how music preferences, or perceptions of music during exercise, inform clinical practice with this population. Objective: Identify predominant musical characteristics of preferred music selected by older adults, and explore participants' music listening experiences during walking-based exercise following cardiac rehabilitation. Methods: Twenty-seven participants aged 60 years and older (21 men, 6 women; mean age = 67.3 years) selected music to support walking over a 6-month intervention period, and participated in post-intervention interviews. In this two-phase study, we first identified predominant characteristics of participant-selected music using the Structural Model of Music Analysis. Second, we used inductive thematic analysis to explore participant experiences. Results: Predominant characteristics of participant-selected music included duple meter, consistent rhythm, major key, rounded melodic shape, legato articulation, predictable harmonies, variable volume, and episodes of tension with delayed resolution. There was no predominant tempo, with music selections ranging from slow through to medium and fast. Four themes emerged from thematic analysis of participant interviews: psycho-emotional responses, physical responses, influence on exercise behavior, and negative experiences. Conclusions: Findings are consistent with theory and research explaining influences from music listening on physiological arousal and subjective experience during exercise. Additionally, for older adults with cardiac disease, a holistic approach to music selection considering general well-being and adjustment issues, rather than just exercise performance, may improve long-term lifestyle changes and compliance with physical activity guidelines.
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    Older Adults' Music Listening Preferences to Support Physical Activity Following Cardiac Rehabilitation
    Clark, IN ; Baker, FA ; Taylor, NF (OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC, 2016)
    BACKGROUND: Music listening during exercise is thought to increase physiological arousal and enhance subjective experience, and may support physical activity participation among older adults with cardiac disease. However, little is known about how music preferences, or perceptions of music during exercise, inform clinical practice with this population. OBJECTIVE: Identify predominant musical characteristics of preferred music selected by older adults, and explore participants' music listening experiences during walking-based exercise following cardiac rehabilitation. METHODS: Twenty-seven participants aged 60 years and older (21 men, 6 women; mean age = 67.3 years) selected music to support walking over a 6-month intervention period, and participated in post-intervention interviews. In this two-phase study, we first identified predominant characteristics of participant-selected music using the Structural Model of Music Analysis. Second, we used inductive thematic analysis to explore participant experiences. RESULTS: Predominant characteristics of participant-selected music included duple meter, consistent rhythm, major key, rounded melodic shape, legato articulation, predictable harmonies, variable volume, and episodes of tension with delayed resolution. There was no predominant tempo, with music selections ranging from slow through to medium and fast. Four themes emerged from thematic analysis of participant interviews: psycho-emotional responses, physical responses, influence on exercise behavior, and negative experiences. CONCLUSIONS: Findings are consistent with theory and research explaining influences from music listening on physiological arousal and subjective experience during exercise. Additionally, for older adults with cardiac disease, a holistic approach to music selection considering general well-being and adjustment issues, rather than just exercise performance, may improve long-term lifestyle changes and compliance with physical activity guidelines.
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    Participant-selected music and physical activity in older adults following cardiac rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial
    Clark, IN ; Baker, FA ; Peiris, CL ; Shoebridge, G ; Taylor, NF (SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2017-03)
    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate effects of participant-selected music on older adults' achievement of activity levels recommended in the physical activity guidelines following cardiac rehabilitation. DESIGN: A parallel group randomized controlled trial with measurements at Weeks 0, 6 and 26. SETTING: A multisite outpatient rehabilitation programme of a publicly funded metropolitan health service. SUBJECTS: Adults aged 60 years and older who had completed a cardiac rehabilitation programme. INTERVENTIONS: Experimental participants selected music to support walking with guidance from a music therapist. Control participants received usual care only. MAIN MEASURES: The primary outcome was the proportion of participants achieving activity levels recommended in physical activity guidelines. Secondary outcomes compared amounts of physical activity, exercise capacity, cardiac risk factors, and exercise self-efficacy. RESULTS: A total of 56 participants, mean age 68.2 years (SD = 6.5), were randomized to the experimental ( n = 28) and control groups ( n = 28). There were no differences between groups in proportions of participants achieving activity recommended in physical activity guidelines at Week 6 or 26. Secondary outcomes demonstrated between-group differences in male waist circumference at both measurements (Week 6 difference -2.0 cm, 95% CI -4.0 to 0; Week 26 difference -2.8 cm, 95% CI -5.4 to -0.1), and observed effect sizes favoured the experimental group for amounts of physical activity (d = 0.30), exercise capacity (d = 0.48), and blood pressure (d = -0.32). CONCLUSIONS: Participant-selected music did not increase the proportion of participants achieving recommended amounts of physical activity, but may have contributed to exercise-related benefits.
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    Fields of resonance from group therapeutic songwriting for people living with dementia and their family caregivers
    Clark, I ; Stretton-Smith, P ; Baker, F ; Tamplin, J (European Music Therapy Confederation, 2019)
    People living with dementia (PwD) and their family caregivers (FCG) often experience relationship stressors, social isolation and stigma. Therapeutic group songwriting (TGS) has been used to address these issues for groups involving either FCG or PwD, but not with groups of PwD/FCG dyads participating together. TGS for PwD/FCG dyads may encourage united expression with others in similar situations, leading to mental stimulation and achievement for individuals, meaningful shared experiences for dyads, and positive social opportunities. A randomised controlled trial is being conducted to compare social connectedness, relationship quality, quality of life, depression, and caregiver burden for 60 PwD/FCG dyads randomised to either 6 x 1-hour weekly TGS sessions (experimental) or waitlist control (University Ethics Approval: 1851252.2). Outcome measures will be collected at weeks 0, 7 and 13 following recruitment and the experimental group will also contribute video, interview, and song lyric data. The project is currently in the data collection phase. However, we anticipate several potential fields of resonance from this research, including feelings of personal success and confidence for both PwD and FCG, relationship satisfaction and togetherness for dyads, and empathic friendships. In addition, we anticipate songs portraying the lived experience of dementia may increase public awareness and understanding. This presentation will describe how theories and songwriting approaches were adapted to meet the unique needs of PwD and FCGs attending sessions together. We will also explore tensions arising from the outcome-based research design and expectations of research funding bodies with the values of community music therapy underpinning the research.
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    NELLI SHKOLNIKOVA 1928-2010
    Thompson, C (Newsquest Media Group, 2010-09-01)
    The great Russian violinist and pedagogue died early in 2010. Curt Thompson, one of her former students, looks back on her life and examines her teaching methods.