Melbourne Conservatorium of Music - Theses
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ItemMelodic Excursions: The Brazilian cavaquinho’s global journey( 2021)This research project explores the long and diverse history of the cavaquinho through a combination of practical performance and archival research. This four-string soprano guitar is a ubiquitous instrument in several musical cultures and its origins may be traced to Portugal where very similar instruments have been in use since the seventeenth century. The cavaquinho, and closely related instruments, spread across the globe along routes of migration and this study will focus on four key traditions, those of Brazil, Portugal, Indonesia, and Hawaii. These historical links will be investigated through recorded performances played on the modern Brazilian cavaquinho, together with written analysis of historical and performance contexts. A diverse portfolio of recordings showcases performance practices and repertoires from the nineteenth century, through to the flourishing tradition of the twentieth century and new and emerging contemporary genres. The Brazilian cavaquinho is the instrument through which I engage with these contrasting repertoires, drawing on the richness of the instrument’s technique and performance style. The recordings are not presented as historical recreations, but as extensions of the distinct evolving traditions through the application of contemporary practices. Collaborations with renowned international practitioners feature on many of the recordings, and the creative element of this thesis extends to original arrangements and compositions. Through a combination of performance recordings, research, analysis and original arrangements and compositions, this project demonstrates how the cavaquinho is the perfect vehicle to illuminate and reinvigorate historically linked traditions and styles.
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ItemSuper Flat, Composition for Screen, and the Aesthetics of Electronic Dance Music( 2021)This creative work thesis investigates the application of electronic dance music approaches in interactive compositional contexts. The body of creative work consists of an album, Super Flat Music, reacting to Takashi Murakami’s “Theory of Super Flat Japanese Art” (2001), and two documentary film scores. Super Flat Music investigates the connection between Super Flat and Shibuya-kei, focusing on the application of electronic dance music practice in this context. The two documentary works, Cryptopia: Bitcoin, Blockchains and the Future of the Internet and Malaysia’s Last Tigers, investigate how electronic dance music can both react to and enhance location, energy, and narrative in a moving image collaborative context. The resulting creative work thesis demonstrates ways in which electronic dance music can interact with external media elements.
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ItemAllan Holdsworth: Principles of Harmonic Organisation in Selected Compositions( 2021)This thesis analyses selected post-tonal compositions by contemporary guitarist Allan Holdsworth. This thesis uses the pitch-class set-theory model as a basis of analysis. It also engages contemporary post-tonal extensions to existing tonal concepts such as voice leading in set-class space, consonance and dissonance measures, transposition and symmetry. Within the thesis and the Holdsworth compositions selected, various levels of connections are explicated through harmonic analysis of surface level transformations, succession analysis from individual simultaneities up to macro-organisational structures and formal processes. Holdsworth consciously eschews the harmonically prescriptive functionality and acculturated melodic syntax of traditional tonal jazz (often replicated through imitation), purposely manifesting his own paradigm. This paradigm has several key components: an expansion of chord-scale principles, a wide range of referential sets utilised as linear and vertical sources of pitch-class grouping, the employment of non-tertian harmony, and the utilisation of non-functional harmonic succession(s).
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ItemUnderstanding the role of therapeutic choirs in the lives of people living with dementia and their family and friends who support them.( 2021)This thesis includes a series of four research projects which aimed to further understanding of how participating in therapeutic, community-based choirs can support people who are living with dementia and their family members and friends who support them with care. These projects aimed to centre the perspectives of people living with dementia and those caring for a family member or close friend with dementia, and as such, a qualitative approach was adopted in all studies. A mixed studies systematic review of the literature relating to singing for people living with dementia and care-partners was conducted to explore the current understanding of how singing can provide support. Findings revealed that people living with dementia and care-partners perceive in-the-moment and longer-term benefits from group singing, but measuring the specific benefits using quantitative outcome measures is challenging due to complex variables, evidenced through high prevalence of floor and ceiling effects in many quantitative outcomes. The second project sought the perspectives of music therapy researchers and past research participants regarding how accessibility of qualitative interviews could be optimised for people living with dementia. Four care-partners and three music therapy researchers were interviewed, and data was analysed using an inductive thematic analysis method. Findings revealed that familiarity and rapport between researcher and participants is important for comfort and accessibility, and that flexibility during the interview, including using music or other art-based approaches may also enhance accessibility. These findings were used to inform the data collection procedure for the third and fourth studies. The third study adopted a phenomenological approach to understand the perspectives of participants with dementia and care-partners who participated in two community-based, therapeutic choirs that were formed as part of the Remini-Sing project – a randomised controlled trial led by two supervisors of this thesis. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyse interview data from 14 dyads. Findings revealed perceived benefits of participating in the choirs, including fostering positive feelings, enhancing social connection, and supporting identity. Participants highlighted how aspects of the choir and the research project more broadly impacted their experience of the choirs, and provided some important insights regarding future research design and sustainability of programs beyond the research project. The final project is an arts-based, phenomenologically informed study in which members of a long-running community-based, therapeutic choir for people living with dementia and care-partners reflected on their experience of transitioning to an online format during the COVID19 pandemic. A combination of songwriting and traditional interviews were used to collect data, and an adapted form of IPA, integrated with arts-based methods of songwriting, poetry, and improvisation, were used to analyse data. Findings are presented in the form of an 18-part song cycle, in which participant perspectives on living with dementia, the COVID19 pandemic, and singing in the choir (both in-person and on line) are shared. The thesis concludes with a discussion of how the four projects contribute to an understanding of the perceived benefits of choir singing for people with dementia and care-partners, potential mechanisms that may influence these benefits, and factors that can enhance accessibility of therapeutic choirs.
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ItemFinding flow: constraint and the creative process( 2021)The application of constraints during the process of music composition can be creatively stimulating and directive. However, constraint is potentially restrictive when acting as restraint, stifling the spontaneity of musical idea or the instinctual flow of creative process. A creative folio at its core, this research examines how the application and consequent dissolution of constraints during the compositional process affect musical outcome. The dissertation presents an in-depth analysis of select folio works to illuminate how constraints were constructed and implemented, when and why rules were broken, and how this influenced musical outcome. The thesis then examines how use of constraints evolved over the course of the folio, reflecting on the concept of flow and creative process. The work evaluates how the application of constraints aides in resolving compositional problems as well as facilitating a state of flow during the creative act.
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ItemPlaying My Instrument Again: Participation in a Community Music Group( 2021)Performing in instrumental ensembles is a popular activity for amateur musicians throughout Australia. This dissertation explores the experiences of adult musicians who play in a community music group in Melbourne. Using ethnographic research methods I explore the musical backgrounds, motivations and musical identities of members of the Feathertop Fiddle and String Band. Over a period of eight weeks, I interviewed five members and two former leaders of the band. The interviews are supplemented by participant-observation and documentary research. I discuss my results using thematic analysis, examining learning, performing and leading. I discuss how community music scholarship is often framed by practices that have evolved to promote positive interventions in people’s lives. From the interviews conducted, I question assumptions about some of community music’s broader aims for social connectedness. Lastly, I suggest that the discipline of ethnomusicology is a neglected voice in community music studies within Australia, and what we might be missing as a result.
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ItemCowboy Bebop and Lupin lll: an investigation of the role of brass in anime opening music( 2021)This thesis identifies and examines the role of brass instrumentation in the opening songs for the anime, Lupin III and Cowboy Bebop. This examination is conducted through an investigation of the impact of Japanese jazz and nostalgia in Japanese culture together with specific influences of Western television. By providing contextual and historical information through this investigation, and using facets of both Western and Japanese culture, I describe how and why brass instruments are being used in the opening sequences for Lupin III and Cowboy Bebop. Through an examination of these two anime, this thesis provides a framework to understanding the interaction between brass and anime opening music. The findings for this thesis were drawn from books, journal articles, various fan sites, and anime cataloguing systems. I used an interdisciplinary approach engaging with resources spanning the literature on Japanese jazz, nostalgia, Western television, and anime. This thesis discusses how through the two anime series, Japanese jazz has come to reflect a point of nostalgia and resistance for Japanese people. This discussion looks at the presence of jazz cafes, the banning of jazz in Japan from around 1937 as a result of hostilities towards the United States, bebop, and jazz fusion. I examine how these facets of Japanese jazz work together to describe the interaction between how brass is portrayed in the anime opening songs, how brass works together with the visual elements of the openings, and the overall themes that each anime represents.
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ItemCurled into the Antihero: An Exploration of the Kinaesthetic and Visual Artefacts of Jaguar Jonze( 2021)This thesis examines the visual and kinaesthetic identities of Brisbane-based musician and artist Jaguar Jonze. It analyses the production of her artefacts as continuing the narratives written in the music and lyrics, and suggests they are an emotional and physical form of expression that powers the cultural memory formed of the artist. A comprehensive visual narrative for a musician is powerful when planned in alignment with the music, creating a multifaceted, multi-platform engagement and identity for the musician that extends beyond a sonic language. Drawing on sensory ethnography, social and cultural studies, psychoanalysis and popular music studies, I argue that Jaguar Jonze is a significant example of a multisensorial design culture and musical identity. Performing myths and folklore, utilising recurring colours, themes and bodily movements, this thesis reads the visual artefacts and movements of Jaguar Jonze as a whole with the music. This thesis contributes to the limited research on the creative practices of emerging contemporary Australian musicians and the merging of their artistic forms in the post-digital music industry.
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ItemCreative Collaboration in Music: An Exploration of the Oboe in Australian Contemporary Repertoire( 2021)Collaboration in music is not a new concept in the modern artistic world. However, it is rapidly becoming an area of interest that is worthy of further research, especially in regards to performer-composer collaboration. There are limited resources in existence that examine the creative process involved in writing new works for the oboe from the point of commission to performance. This research project aims to explore collaboration by delving into the interrelationship between commissioner, performer and composer and highlights the creative process necessary to bring new Australian works for the oboe into existence. Three contrasting Australian contemporary oboe works composed since 1980 were selected as the central focus for this research project. The performers and composers of each work were interviewed over a period of three months in order to gain a deeper understanding of the creative process involved. The three collaborations are compared and contrasted throughout this thesis. Further, performances of these works feature in the concert recital which forms the performance-as-research component of my Masters project. This thesis demonstrates the link between meaningful collaboration during the creative process, and how this positively impacts the compositional writing and therefore the outcome of the work. Specifically, the project exposes the role that collaboration plays in the creation of new Australian works for oboe. The findings of this research contribute to the body of academic literature on performer-composer collaboration, and paves the way for further research in this area into the future.
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ItemArtur Schnabel’s Interpretation of Beethoven’s Piano Sonata in C Major, Opus 53, ‘Waldstein’: An Analysis of Selected Writings, Editions, and Recordings( 2021)The Austrian-born pianist Artur Schnabel (1882 - 1951) is celebrated as an interpreter of Beethoven, having not only performed and recorded all thirty-two piano sonatas, but also publishing his own detailed edition. Claude Frank (1925 - 2014) was the only pupil of Schnabel to also record the entire cycle. Furthermore, Ian Hobson (1952 -) became the only former student of Frank to also complete this project. This thesis examines Schnabel’s edition of Sonata Opus 53 in C Major ‘Waldstein’ and compares and contrasts details of three pianists’ interpretive ideas to one another. Particular focus is given to pedal and tempo choices. The analysis displays a wide range of difference in these areas. Schnabel himself discouraged the use of his own edition and the results of the thesis show that he made many alterations to his own written advice when actually recording this work. Frank and Hobson’s recordings reveal additional parting of interpretation in multiple examples. In addition to the analysis of the edition and recordings, a literature review of other pertinent related sources will be provided. Some interpretive elements related to articulations, fingerings, and performance practice proved impossible to reach conclusions without video footage which would have displayed the pianists’ hands. Those examples are also detailed. This analysis can be a resource and guide for those wanting greater understanding into the interpretation of ‘Waldstein’, as well as the pianistic traditions of Beethoven playing.