School of Languages and Linguistics - Research Publications
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ItemNasal aerodynamics and coarticulation in Bininj Kunwok: Smoothing Spline Analysis of Variance(ASSTA, 2016-12-06)Nasal phonemes are well represented within the lexicon of BininjKunwok.1 Thisstudyexaminesintervocalic,wordmedial nasals and reports patterns of coarticulation using a Smooth- ing Spline Analysis of Variance (SSANOVA). This allows for detailed comparisons of peak nasal airflow across six female speakers of the language. Results show that in a VNV sequence there is very little anticipatory vowel nasalisation and greater carryover into a following vowel. The maximum peak nasal flow is delayed for coronals when compared to the onset of oral closure in the nasal, indicating a delayed velum opening gesture. The velar place of articulation is the exception to this pattern with some limited anticipatory nasalisation. The SSANOVA has shown to be an appropriate technique for quantifying these patterns and dynamic speech data in general.
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ItemLocus equations and coarticulation in three Australian languages(Nature Research, 2015-02-01)Locus equations were applied to F2 data for bilabial, alveolar, retroflex, palatal, and velar plosives in three Australian languages. In addition, F2 variance at the vowel-consonant boundary, and, by extension, consonantal coarticulatory sensitivity, was measured. The locus equation slopes revealed that there were place-dependent differences in the magnitude of vowel-to-consonant coarticulation. As in previous studies, the non-coronal (bilabial and velar) consonants tended to be associated with the highest slopes, palatal consonants tended to be associated with the lowest slopes, and alveolar and retroflex slopes tended to be low to intermediate. Similarly, F2 variance measurements indicated that non-coronals displayed greater coarticulatory sensitivity to adjacent vowels than did coronals. Thus, both the magnitude of vowel-to-consonant coarticulation and the magnitude of consonantal coarticulatory sensitivity were seen to vary inversely with the magnitude of consonantal articulatory constraint. The findings indicated that, unlike results reported previously for European languages such as English, anticipatory vowel-to-consonant coarticulation tends to exceed carryover coarticulation in these Australian languages. Accordingly, on the F2 variance measure, consonants tended to be more sensitive to the coarticulatory effects of the following vowel. Prosodic prominence of vowels was a less significant factor in general, although certain language-specific patterns were observed
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ItemWord-initial voiceless stop geminates in Kelantan Malay: Acoustic evidence from amplitude/F0 ratios(University of Glasgow, 2015)
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ItemNew Caledonian French Accent(Classiques Garnier, 2016-05-18)Pour rendre hommage aux travaux du professeur Anne Freadman, vingt-trois spécialistes explorent ici la question du genre.
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ItemPhonetic differences between uptalk and question rises in two Antipodean English varieties(INTERNATIONAL SPEECH COMM, 2016)Analysis of map task data for two varieties of English in which uptalk has long been documented (Australian and New Zealand) indicates differences in the phonetic forms of uptalk rises and question rises. While the details of the phonetic differences are not the same in the two samples, the end result is a more dynamic rise in uptalk than in questions. This difference in rise shape may be indicative of a change-inprogress in the intonational systems of the two varieties.
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ItemLeaders and Followers: Uptalk and speaker role in map tasks in New Zealand English and Australian English(Victoria University of Wellington, 2016-12-30)Recent work (Warren & Fletcher 2016) has considered how the shapes of uptalk rises differ from those of question rises in two antipodean varieties of English, New Zealand English (NZE) and Australian English (AusE). Both varieties appear to show some phonetic distinctions between uptalk and question rises, and while the details of the distinctions differ between the varieties, the net result is a more dynamic and dramatic rise in uptalk utterances. Other studies (e.g. Fletcher & Loakes 2010; Warren 2014) have shown that these distinctions are perceptually relevant and can be utilised in forced-choice tasks. In the current paper, the shapes of uptalk and question rises are examined in the speech of participants who each take on two different discourse roles – as Leaders or as Followers in map task interactions. The results are compatible with the different pragmatic goals of speakers in the two roles, with a reduction in the contrast between uptalk and question rises when the participant, as Follower, is largely reacting to the instructions given by the Leader, i.e. is responding in a context where common ground has been established.
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ItemShort vowels in L1 Aboriginal English spoken in Western Victoria(Causal Productions, 2016-12-16)
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ItemIntonational correlates of subject and object realisation in Mawng (Australian)(ISCA, 2016)A range of intonational devices can be used in the grammar of information and corrective focus marking in languages with relatively free word order. In this paper we explore whether nouns in the Australian Indigenous language Mawng are realised differently depending on syntactic function and focus. Results show that the pitch level associated with Subjects is higher in conditions of corrective focus compared to other utterance contexts and there is a strong correlation between focus and utterance position. Placing a word in a corrective focus context does not appear to have an effect on word duration in this corpus confirming that pitch register variation and intonational phrasing are the major prosodic cues associated with corrective focus in Mawng.
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ItemHyperarticulation in short intonational phrases in three Australian languages(ISCA, 2016-06-06)In Lindblom's Hyper- and Hypo-articulation (H & H) theory, speech varies between clear and less clear depending on the communicative context. Hyperarticulation is known to reflect prosodic boundary information and prosodic prominence or focus. The realisation of hyperarticulation appears to differ between languages. In this study of three Australian languages, it is asked whether, in pre-boundary position in short prosodic phrases, vowel lengthening tends to co-occur with acoustic evidence of hyperarticulation. Further, it is asked whether hyperarticulation is stronger in the pre-boundary syllable than in the post-boundary one. It is demonstrated that pre-boundary lengthening in short intonational phrases in Australian languages tends to co-occur with an increase in vowel peripherality.