Computing and Information Systems - Research Publications
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ItemA distributed clinical data platform for physiological studies in the brain trauma domain(IEEE Computer Society, 2010)There are many serious and acute physiological conditions about which we have incomplete medical knowledge that can support optimal healthcare intervention. To develop effective treatments a wealth of clinical data is required for collection, analysis and feedback. Such data often does exist but is typically held in a variety of different formats and locations. This paper describes the EU FP7-funded Avert-IT project (www.avert-it.org), which has developed an integrated, real-time physiological data grid infrastructure (HypoNet) to address the specific issue of prediction of hypotensive events in the brain trauma domain and is currently being used as part of a large multi-centre clinical trial. The implementation and application of the HypoNet system is described here.
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ItemElements of a computational infrastructure for social simulation(ROYAL SOC, 2010-08-28)Applications of simulation modelling in social science domains are varied and increasingly widespread. The effective deployment of simulation models depends on access to diverse datasets, the use of analysis capabilities, the ability to visualize model outcomes and to capture, share and re-use simulations as evidence in research and policy-making. We describe three applications of e-social science that promote social simulation modelling, data management and visualization. An example is outlined in which the three components are brought together in a transport planning context. We discuss opportunities and benefits for the combination of these and other components into an e-infrastructure for social simulation and review recent progress towards the establishment of such an infrastructure.
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ItemOptimizing electronic standard cell libraries for variability tolerance through the nano-CMOS grid(ROYAL SOC, 2010-08-28)The project Meeting the Design Challenges of nano-CMOS Electronics (http://www.nanocmos.ac.uk) was funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council to tackle the challenges facing the electronics industry caused by the decreasing scale of transistor devices, and the inherent variability that this exposes in devices and in the circuits and systems in which they are used. The project has developed a grid-based solution that supports the electronics design process, incorporating usage of large-scale high-performance computing (HPC) resources, data and metadata management and support for fine-grained security to protect commercially sensitive datasets. In this paper, we illustrate how the nano-CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) grid has been applied to optimize transistor dimensions within a standard cell library. The goal is to extract high-speed and low-power circuits which are more tolerant of the random fluctuations that will be prevalent in future technology nodes. Using statistically enhanced circuit simulation models based on three-dimensional atomistic device simulations, a genetic algorithm is presented that optimizes the device widths within a circuit using a multi-objective fitness function exploiting the nano-CMOS grid. The results show that the impact of threshold voltage variation can be reduced by optimizing transistor widths, and indicate that a similar method could be extended to the optimization of larger circuits.
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ItemSecurity-oriented workflows for the Social Sciences(IEEE, 2010-12-27)
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ItemDeployment of grids through integrated configuration management(ACTA Press, 2008)A Grid environment typically comes into existence when several collaborating institutions contribute resources for researchers to solve problems of mutual interest. Such collaboration of personnel and resources are commonly referred to as a Virtual Organization (VO). The process to establish and manage a VO can be a time consuming and laborious process with installation and configuration of VO specific software and data needed across sites. Configuration management technologies can facilitate this process, however to support the establishment of Grid based VOs, it is necessary to align and integrate Grids and configuration management technologies. This alignment should recognize that sites may have their own flavors of configuration management tools and Grid technologies, and allow VO administrators to seamlessly deploy and configure Grid resources across multiple sites. This paper presents the experiences in developing and testing such an integrated Grid and configuration management framework.
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ItemE-Infrastructures for clinical epidemiological studies across Scotland(International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS), 2008)As the proliferation of digital data about individuals increases the opportunities for leveraging this information to benefit society become correspondingly greater. This is especially true in the domain of e-Health where a large number of disparate clinical data resources exist around the world, often housed in individual systems, but with great potential to advance medical and health-care provision if harnessed together and linked with other data resources. In this paper we present a variety of projects that federate such health and other data through re-usable and adaptable e-Infrastructures targeted to the needs of the Scottish and wider e-Research communities. At the heart of all these systems and to counter societies natural wariness of such systems and their use of their personal information are fine grained and adaptable security systems which restrict and enforce access to data to authorised individuals. In this paper we outline these e- Infrastructure architectures, their associated security models and how we are applying them to support epidemiological studies.
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ItemTowards a Virtual Anonymisation Grid for Unified Access to Remote Clinical Data(IOS PRESS, 2008)Grid technologies provide an infrastructure through which, amongst other things, data access and integration is facilitated across highly distributed and heterogeneous resources. Different domains have their own requirements on the nature of this data access and integration. The clinical domain offers arguably the greatest challenges facing the roll-out and adoption of Grid technologies to meet the changing face of post-genomic clinical research, especially with regard to information governance, ethics and hence security solutions. This paper outlines a novel system design for secure anonymous data access and linkage that meets the needs of key stakeholders in this space including end user researchers, data providers and owners and ethical oversight bodies amongst others. We identify how existing solutions developed within the Medical Research Council funded Virtual Organisations for Trials and Epidemiological Studies (VOTES) project are being re-factored to meet the needs of these players and to address information governance criteria.
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ItemScalable, security-oriented solutions for nanoCMOS electronics(National e-Science Centre, University of Glasgow, 2008)The EPSRC pilot project Meeting the Design Challenges of nanoCMOS Electronics (nanoCMOS – www.nanocmos.ac.uk) has been funded to tackle some of the challenges facing the semiconductor electronics industry caused by the progressive scaling of CMOS transistors. As transistor dimensions are now at the nanometer scale with 40nm MOSFETs already in mass production and sub-10 nm transistors scheduled for production by 2018, the intrinsic parameter fluctuations caused by the inherent discreteness of charge and matter at this atomistic scale are now one of the major challenges that the semiconductor electronics industry needs to address. The variability at the device level affects profoundly the circuit/system design process and hence can be regarded a semiconductor industry-wide problem. Fortunately many of the statistical variability related issues can be understood and forecasted through large scale simulation of ensembles of potentially hundreds of thousands of atomistically varying devices. However, one of the main distinguishing features of NanoCMOS when compared to other high performance computing (HPC) simulation domains is the imperative requirements on fine grained security. The data, the designs and even the simulations themselves all potentially have highly sensitive commercial intellectual property (IP) value associated with them, ranging from the IP of device manufacturers and the design houses through to licenses needed to run simulation and design software. This paper outlines the e-Infrastructure that has been developed within the nanoCMOS project with specific focus upon the security capabilities it supports and how these address the IP protection requirements of the industrial and collaborating partners. Our ultimate goal is to provide an environment that addresses security across the board and scales to meet the HPC and data management requirements of nanoCMOS research.
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ItemA resource-oriented data management architecture for nanoCMOS electronics(National e-Science Centre, University of Glasgow, 2008)The EPSRC pilot project Meeting the Design Challenges of NanoCMOS Electronics (nanoCMOS) began in October 2006 and is focused upon tackling the decreasing scale of modern semiconductor components. This scaling has direct impact upon the complete circuit and system electronics design process due to the variability in transistor behaviour caused by differences in atomic structure. To address these challenges, the project has focused upon large scale device simulations exploiting a wide variety of computational resources. This paper focuses on the approach adopted for managing the many hundreds of thousands of files being generated that are associated with these simulations. Specific challenges in achieving this are related to the fine grained security demanded in protecting intellectual property of data and metadata, and the seamless linkage of metadata associated with services. We believe that this data architecture has widespread applicability to many research areas.