Computing and Information Systems - Research Publications
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ItemStrengthening Australia’s cybersecurity regulations and incentives: Response to the Department of Home Affairs Discussion Paper( 2021)The development of the regulatory and incentives framework is a key opportunity to align Australian enterprises’ cybersecurity practice with latest research, particularly on consumer protections, and emerging cyber threats and security challenges. The Australian Government has an essential role in establishing incentives to encourage best practice and consequences to combat poor practice. It will be increasingly important for government at all levels to act as a role model, by following best practice in the conduct of its public business.
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ItemNo Preview AvailableThe Hidden Harms of Targeted Advertising by Algorithm and Interventions from the Consumer Protection Toolkit(National Law School of India, 2021-01-01)Developments in pervasive data collection and predictive data analytics are allowing firms to target consumers with increas ingly precise personalisedbehavioural and contextual advertising. These techniques give rise to new risks of harm in the attention economy by unduly influencing or manipulating consumers' deci sions and choices, and by narrowing the product options visible and available to them. In many countries, the legal response to concerns about targeted advertising by algorithm has been focused on privacy protection and data rights. These are important initiatives. However; consent-based data rights are unlikely to provide a comprehensive or even adequate response to the risks of harm to consumers occasioned by the kinds of algo- rithmically targeted advertising that are now possible. This paper suggests that a suite of responses from the consumer protection toolkit are required to address the different and potentially harm ful manifestations of algorithmic ally targeted advertising. These include bans and warnings as well as making use of standard safe- ty-net prohibitions on misleading and unconscionable/unfair con duct already in place in many jurisdictions.
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ItemCross-Cultural Digital Information-Seeking Experiences(STAR Scholars Network, 2020-11-15)The number of Saudi female international students (SFISs) pursuing higher degrees in Western countries has increased dramatically. Many are faced with unusual challenges, especially acting without a male’s permission, interacting with males, and using an open, free Internet. This article proposes that SFISs experience a “digital shift” whereby their cultural, educational, and digital backgrounds impact their information-seeking behavior in Australia. The study used a qualitative interpretivist methodology, interviewing a diverse group of SFISs studying in Australia, to better understand this impact on their everyday information needs and use of information sources. Findings indicate that SFISs’ imperfect online search skills, exacerbated by English language deficiency, increase their challenges. Recommendations for supporting SFISs are offered for institutions and service providers.
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ItemA Perspective on Client-Psychologist Relationships in Videoconferencing Psychotherapy: Literature Review(JMIR PUBLICATIONS, INC, 2021-02-19)BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, people have been encouraged to maintain social distance. Technology helps people schedule meetings as remote videoconferencing sessions rather than face-to-face interactions. Psychologists are in high demand because of an increase in stress as a result of COVID-19, and videoconferencing provides an opportunity for mental health clinicians to treat current and new referrals. However, shifting treatment from face-to-face to videoconferencing is not simple: both psychologists and clients miss in-person information cues, including body language. OBJECTIVE: This review proposes a new theoretical framework to guide the design of future studies examining the impact of a computer as a mediator of psychologist-client relationships and the influence of videoconferencing on the relationship process. METHODS: We conducted a literature review including studies focused on communication and key concepts of the therapeutic relationship and therapeutic alliance. RESULTS: Studies have reported that clients are generally satisfied with videoconference therapy in terms of the relationship with their therapists and the establishment of the therapeutic alliance. Conversely, studies indicate that psychologists continue to highlight difficulties in establishing the same quality of therapeutic relationship and therapeutic alliance. The contrasting experiences might underlie the differences in the type of emotional and cognitive work required by both actors in any therapy session; furthermore, the computer seems to take part in their interaction not only as a vehicle to transmit messages but also as an active part of the communication. A new model of interaction and relationship is proposed, taking into account the presence of the computer, along with further hypotheses. CONCLUSIONS: It is important to consider the computer as having an active role in the client-psychologist relationship; thus, it is a third party to the communication that either assists or interferes with the interaction between psychologists and clients.
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ItemNo Preview AvailableFrom way across the sea: Information overload and international students during the COVID-19 pandemic.(Wiley, 2020)This panel examines the interaction between being a transient migrant, using international students as a salient example, and information behaviors in a time of COVID-19. We address issues such as information overload, selection of information sources, and social networking. The aim of this panel is to bring together interested researchers in the areas of information practices, higher education, and intercultural communication.
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ItemPrivacy concerns of the Australian My Health Record: Implications for other large-scale opt-out personal health records(Elsevier, 2020-11)Personal health records offer the convenience of accessing medical history and personal health information, but also raise a range of privacy concerns which affect their adoption. In 2018, the Australian nationwide personal health record, My Health Record (MHR), was changed to an opt-out model, meaning that users are automatically enrolled unless they opt out. This significant change sparked wide-ranging and vociferous discussions of the privacy concerns of MHR on Twitter thus provided a lens into people's concerns. This lesson offers useful insights for improving MHR and better implementing future large-scale health records. By using qualitative coding and topic modeling on Twitter data, we categorized the stakeholders who participated in the discussions and the privacy concerns expressed. We have identified 10 categories of stakeholders and 9 types of privacy concerns in the discussions, and our analysis finds that these stakeholder groups focused on different privacy aspects of MHR. This work implies that, for future provisions of similar systems, it is important to involve these stakeholders in the design and address their privacy concerns early, as they are interested in providing input and their strong opinions may influence the uptake of such systems. Based on the lesson gleaned from this case, we propose that system owners can proactively communicate the privacy and the security aspects of their PHRs with different parties on social media. We also highlight some suggestions for improving the consent model and third-party access to personal health records in this paper.
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ItemSearch a Great Leveler? Ensuring More Equitable Information Acquisition(Wiley, 2021-10)Abstract The ubiquitous search box promised to democratize knowledge access by making information universally accessible. But while many search engines cater well for certain user groups, information tasks and content types, they cater poorly for others. Poorly‐served users include those with certain types of impairment (e.g. dyslexia), and weakly‐supported tasks include highly exploratory goals, where it can be difficult to express information needed as a query. Furthermore, the overdominance of search functionality in many information environments has restricted support for other important forms of information acquisition, such as serendipitous information encountering and creative “inspiration hunting.” Search results and recommendations can also promote certain types of content due to algorithmic bias. Rather than act as a great leveler by making information acquisition effective, efficient and enjoyable for all, search engines often unfairly favor some types of user, task or content over others. In short, search is not always equitable. This panel discussion will elucidate the inequity of search as an information acquisition paradigm from multiple perspectives and propose design principles to ensure more equitable information acquisition.
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ItemOn birthing dancing stars: The need for bounded chaos in information interaction(ACM, 2020-03-14)While computers causing chaos is a common social trope, nearly the entirety of the history of computing is dedicated to generating order. Typical interactive information retrieval tasks ask computers to support the traversal and exploration of large, complex information spaces. The implicit assumption is that they are to support users in simplifying the complexity (i.e. in creating order from chaos). But for some types of task, particularly those that involve the creative application or synthesis of knowledge or the creation of new knowledge, this assumption may be incorrect. It is increasingly evident that perfect order-and the systems we create with it-support highly-structured information tasks well, but provide poor support for less-structured tasks. We need digital information environments that help create a little more chaos from order to spark creative thinking and knowledge creation. This paper argues for the need for information systems that offer what we term 'bounded chaos', and offers research directions that may support the creation of such interfaces.
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ItemExploring the facilitators and barriers to using an online infertility risk prediction tool (FoRECAsT) for young women with breast cancer: a qualitative study protocol.(BMJ Journals, 2020-02-10)INTRODUCTION: As cancer treatments may impact on fertility, a high priority for young patients with breast cancer is access to evidence-based, personalised information for them and their healthcare providers to guide treatment and fertility-related decisions prior to cancer treatment. Current tools to predict fertility outcomes after breast cancer treatments are imprecise and do not offer individualised prediction. To address the gap, we are developing a novel personalised infertility risk prediction tool (FoRECAsT) for premenopausal patients with breast cancer that considers current reproductive status, planned chemotherapy and adjuvant endocrine therapy to determine likely post-treatment infertility. The aim of this study is to explore the feasibility of implementing this FoRECAsT tool into clinical practice by exploring the barriers and facilitators of its use among patients and healthcare providers. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A cross-sectional exploratory study is being conducted using semistructured in-depth telephone interviews with 15-20 participants each from the following groups: (1) premenopausal patients with breast cancer younger than 40, diagnosed within last 5 years, (2) breast surgeons, (3) breast medical oncologists, (4) breast care nurses (5) fertility specialists and (6) fertility preservation nurses. Patients with breast cancer are being recruited from the joint Breast Service of three affiliated institutions of Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre in Melbourne, Australia-Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital and Royal Women's Hospital, and clinicians are being recruited from across Australia. Interviews are being audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and imported into qualitative data analysis software to facilitate data management and analyses. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study protocol has been approved by Melbourne Health Human Research Ethics Committee, Australia (HREC number: 2017.163). Confidentiality and privacy are maintained at every stage of the study. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed scholarly and scientific journals, national and international conference presentations, social media, broadcast media, print media, internet and various community/stakeholder engagement activities.