Computing and Information Systems - Research Publications
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ItemNo Preview AvailableUnderstanding How to Administer Voice Surveys through Smart Speakers(Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 2022-11-11)Smart speakers have become exceedingly popular and entered many people's homes due to their ability to engage users with natural conversations. Researchers have also looked into using smart speakers as an interface to collect self-reported health data through conversations. Responding to surveys prompted by smart speakers requires users to listen to questions and answer in voice without any visual stimuli. Compared to traditional web-based surveys, where users can see questions and answers visually, voice surveys may be more cognitively challenging. Therefore, to collect reliable survey data, it is important to understand what types of questions are suitable to be administered by smart speakers. We selected five common survey questionnaires and deployed them as voice surveys and web surveys in a within-subject study. Our 24 participants answered questions using voice and web questionnaires in one session. They then repeated the same study session after 1 week to provide a "retest'' response. Our results suggest that voice surveys have comparable reliability to web surveys. We find that, when using 5-point or 7-point scales, voice surveys take about twice as long as web surveys. Based on objective measurements, such as response agreement and test-retest reliability, and subjective evaluations of user experience, we recommend that researchers consider adopting the binary scale and 5-point numerical scales for voice surveys on smart speakers.
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ItemNo Preview AvailableDigital Emotion Regulation in Everyday Life(ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY, 2022)
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ItemNo Preview AvailableWhat Could Possibly Go Wrong When Interacting with Proactive Smart Speakers? A Case Study Using an ESM Application(ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY, 2022)
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ItemNo Preview AvailableEmotion trajectories in smartphone use: Towards recognizing emotion regulation in-the-wild(ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2022-10)
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ItemNo Preview AvailableHand Hygiene Quality Assessment Using Image-to-Image Translation(SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG, 2022)Hand hygiene can reduce the transmission of pathogens and prevent healthcare-associated infections. Ultraviolet (UV) test is an effective tool for evaluating and visualizing hand hygiene quality during medical training. However, due to various hand shapes, sizes, and positions, systematic documentation of the UV test results to summarize frequently untreated areas and validate hand hygiene technique effectiveness is challenging. Previous studies often summarize errors within predefined hand regions, but this only provides low-resolution estimations of hand hygiene quality. Alternatively, previous studies manually translate errors to hand templates, but this lacks standardized observational practices. In this paper, we propose a novel automatic image-to-image translation framework to evaluate hand hygiene quality and document the results in a standardized manner. The framework consists of two models, including an Attention U-Net model to segment hands from the background and simultaneously classify skin surfaces covered with hand disinfectants, and a U-Net-based generator to translate the segmented hands to hand templates. Moreover, due to the lack of publicly available datasets, we conducted a lab study to collect 1218 valid UV test images containing different skin coverage with hand disinfectants. The proposed framework was then evaluated on the collected dataset through five-fold cross-validation. Experimental results show that the proposed framework can accurately assess hand hygiene quality and document UV test results in a standardized manner. The benefit of our work is that it enables systematic documentation of hand hygiene practices, which in turn enables clearer communication and comparisons.
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ItemNo Preview AvailableMaking Sense of Emotion-Sensing: Workshop on Quantifying Human Emotions(ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY, 2021)
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ItemNo Preview AvailableArchitecting Analytics Across Multiple E-Learning Systems to Enhance Learning Design(IEEE COMPUTER SOC, 2021-04-01)
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ItemA System for Computational Assessment of Hand Hygiene Techniques(SPRINGER, 2022-05-06)The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a six-step hand hygiene technique. Although multiple studies have reported that this technique yields inadequate skin coverage outcomes, they have relied on manual labeling that provided low-resolution estimations of skin coverage outcomes. We have developed a computational system to precisely quantify hand hygiene outcomes and provide high-resolution skin coverage visualizations, thereby improving hygiene techniques. We identified frequently untreated areas located at the dorsal side of the hands around the abductor digiti minimi and the first dorsal interosseous. We also estimated that excluding Steps 3, 6R, and 6L from the six-step hand hygiene technique leads to cumulative coverage loss of less than 1%, indicating the potential redundancy of these steps. Our study demonstrates that the six-step hand hygiene technique could be improved to reduce the untreated areas and remove potentially redundant steps. Furthermore, our system can be used to computationally validate new proposed techniques, and help optimise hand hygiene procedures.
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ItemElectronic Monitoring Systems for Hand Hygiene: Systematic Review of Technology(JMIR PUBLICATIONS, INC, 2021-11-01)BACKGROUND: Hand hygiene is one of the most effective ways of preventing health care-associated infections and reducing their transmission. Owing to recent advances in sensing technologies, electronic hand hygiene monitoring systems have been integrated into the daily routines of health care workers to measure their hand hygiene compliance and quality. OBJECTIVE: This review aims to summarize the latest technologies adopted in electronic hand hygiene monitoring systems and discuss the capabilities and limitations of these systems. METHODS: A systematic search of PubMed, ACM Digital Library, and IEEE Xplore Digital Library was performed following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Studies were initially screened and assessed independently by the 2 authors, and disagreements between them were further summarized and resolved by discussion with the senior author. RESULTS: In total, 1035 publications were retrieved by the search queries; of the 1035 papers, 89 (8.60%) fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were retained for review. In summary, 73 studies used electronic monitoring systems to monitor hand hygiene compliance, including application-assisted direct observation (5/73, 7%), camera-assisted observation (10/73, 14%), sensor-assisted observation (29/73, 40%), and real-time locating system (32/73, 44%). A total of 21 studies evaluated hand hygiene quality, consisting of compliance with the World Health Organization 6-step hand hygiene techniques (14/21, 67%) and surface coverage or illumination reduction of fluorescent substances (7/21, 33%). CONCLUSIONS: Electronic hand hygiene monitoring systems face issues of accuracy, data integration, privacy and confidentiality, usability, associated costs, and infrastructure improvements. Moreover, this review found that standardized measurement tools to evaluate system performance are lacking; thus, future research is needed to establish standardized metrics to measure system performance differences among electronic hand hygiene monitoring systems. Furthermore, with sensing technologies and algorithms continually advancing, more research is needed on their implementation to improve system performance and address other hand hygiene-related issues.