Melbourne Law School - Research Publications

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    Criminal Liability for "Wage Theft": A Regulatory Panacea?
    Hardy, T ; Howe, J ; Kennedy, M (Monash University, 2021)
    In response to concerns over the growing problem of ‘wage theft’, the federal government, as well as various state governments, have committed to introducing criminal sanctions for underpayment contraventions. While policymakers and the public have largely assumed that criminal sanctions will address a perceived deterrence gap and promote employer compliance with basic employment standards, there has been far less scholarly appraisal of how this regulatory shift might shape enforcement decisions and affect compliance outcomes. Drawing on literature from criminology, as well as regulation and governance, this article evaluates a range of conceptual justifications put forward in support of criminalising certain forms of wage theft. It also considers key practical issues which may arise in a dual track system where both criminal and civil sanctions are available for the same or similar contraventions. This article concludes with some suggestions on how criminal offences might be framed in the federal system so as to optimise employer compliance and reduce regulatory tensions.
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    Out of the Shadows and into the Spotlight: The Sweeping Evolution of Employment Standards Enforcement in Australia
    Hardy, T ; Howe, J ; Vosko, L (University of Toronto Press, 2020)
    This chapter considers some of the compliance and enforcement challenges presented by employment standards regulation in Australia and the way in which the FWO has sought to respond to the problem of employer non-compliance with workplace laws. We begin by surveying the broader historical, legal, and political processes through which domestic employment regulation and enforcement has emerged and continues to evolve in Australia. As part of this overview, we touch on a number of key developments, including the recent passage of statutory reforms designed to better protect vulnerable workers (Fair Work Amendment (Protecting Vulnerable Workers) Act 2017 (Cth)). We then turn to the internal administration of the agency, including the FWO’s attempts to move away from an individualized, complaints-oriented approach towards a more “responsive” and “strategic” enforcement model.