School of Historical and Philosophical Studies - Research Publications

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Start date: 2004 × End date: 2004 × Author: Singer, Peter ×

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    Cluster randomisation or randomised consent as an appropriate methodology for trials in palliative care: a feasibility study [ISRCTN60243484].
    Fowell, A ; Russell, I ; Johnstone, R ; Finlay, I ; Russell, D (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2004-04-27)
    BACKGROUND: Although guidelines for the care of the dying patient exist the evidence base to support the guidelines is poor. Some of the factors contributing to this include failure to recruit to trials, protective healthcare professionals and subsequent attrition from trials due to the death of the patients. Recent studies report favourably on the use of cluster randomisation as an appropriate methodology for use in this patient group. METHODS/DESIGN: A feasibility study, exploring two types of randomisation as appropriate methodology for trials involving dying patients. Cluster randomisation and randomised consent will be utilised following a crossover design at two sites, one oncology ward and one Macmillan unit within the Northwest Wales NHS Trust. All patients commencing on the Integrated Care Pathway (ICP) for the Last Days of Life will be eligible for inclusion in the study. Using the hypothesis that it is not necessary to prescribe an anti-emetic medication when setting up a syringe driver for the dying patient, the study will evaluate different models of research methodology. DISCUSSION: The identification of the most appropriate methodology for use in studies concerning this patient group will inform the development of future clinical studies. Furthermore, the outcomes of this feasibility study will inform the development, of a proposal seeking funding for Wales-wide trials in palliative care. The identification of an appropriate methodology will provide a starting point for the establishment of a robust evidence base for the care of the dying patient.
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    Health biotechnology in China -: reawakening of a giant
    Li, ZZ ; Zhang, JC ; Wen, K ; Thorsteinsdóttir, H ; Quach, U ; Singer, PA ; Daar, AS (NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2004-12)
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    Conclusions:: promoting biotechnology innovation in developing countries
    Thorsteinsdóttir, H ; Quach, U ; Daar, AS ; Singer, PA (NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2004-12)
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    Strengthening the role of genomics in global health
    Acharya, T ; Daar, AS ; Thorsteinsdóttir, H ; Dowdeswell, E ; Singer, PA (PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE, 2004-12)
    How genomics and related health biotechnologies can improve the health of the poor and contribute towards meeting the Millenium Development Goals
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    Setting priorities in health care organizations: criteria, processes, and parameters of success
    Gibson, JL ; Martin, DK ; Singer, PA (BMC, 2004-09-08)
    BACKGROUND: Hospitals and regional health authorities must set priorities in the face of resource constraints. Decision-makers seek practical ways to set priorities fairly in strategic planning, but find limited guidance from the literature. Very little has been reported from the perspective of Board members and senior managers about what criteria, processes and parameters of success they would use to set priorities fairly. DISCUSSION: We facilitated workshops for board members and senior leadership at three health care organizations to assist them in developing a strategy for fair priority setting. Workshop participants identified 8 priority setting criteria, 10 key priority setting process elements, and 6 parameters of success that they would use to set priorities in their organizations. Decision-makers in other organizations can draw lessons from these findings to enhance the fairness of their priority setting decision-making. SUMMARY: Lessons learned in three workshops fill an important gap in the literature about what criteria, processes, and parameters of success Board members and senior managers would use to set priorities fairly.
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    One world: The ethics of globalization
    Singer, P (Yale University Press, 2004-12-01)
    The book encompasses four main global issues: climate change, the role of the World Trade Organization, human rights and humanitarian intervention, and foreign aid. Singer addresses each vital issue from an ethical perspective and offers alternatives to the state-centric approach that characterizes international theory and relations today. On climate change, for example, he sees the ethical issue as one that concerns a common global resource - the capacity of the atmosphere to absorb waste gases. How much of this resource should developed notions appropriate, and how much should be left for developing nations? Regarding the WTO, Singer asks whether the organization allows free trade to override all other values, and he assesses the evidence for and against the view that globalization helps the poor. In his consideration of human rights, the author asks to what extent we can develop global laws protecting human rights and what the criteria for intervention should be when these rights are violated. Finally, Singer addresses the obligations of the world's rich nations to assist the poor nations. © 2002 by Peter Singer. All rights reserved.