School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences - Theses
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ItemEffects of dietary inclusion of chickpeas or mung beans on the performance of male broiler chicks( 1991)Male broiler chicks (Inghams) were reared to 5 days of age on a commercial starter ration and then fed a control diet or a diet containing 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50% of either chickpeas or mung beans up to 28 days of age. At the end of the feeding trial, a sample of birds from each group were sacrificed for carcass and visceral organ assessment. The chickpeas, mung beans and other ingredient grains were assayed for trypsin inhibitor (TI), chymotrypsin inhibitor (CTI), tannin and haemagglutinin activities. The diets were assayed for apparent metabolizable energy (AME), TI and CTI. Average daily feed intake (FI) ranged from 66.89 � 1.96 to 76.23 1.96g showing a significant (P< 0.01) reduction in FI with increasing level of either bean. Average daily live weight gain (ADG) varied from 37.38 � 1.07 to 45.43 � 1.61g showing a linear and highly significant (P< 0.001) decrease in ADG as the level of both chickpeas and mung beans increased. Feed conversion efficiency deteriorated with increasing level of beans in the diets (P< 0.001) and chickpeas showed poorer FCR than mung beans (P< 0.01). AME of the diets ranged from 11.4 to 12.6 MJ/Kg indicating a significant (P< 0.05) reduction in energy efficiency as the level of either bean increased. Fasted live weight of chicks on 28th day of age ranged from 928 90 to 1114 � l Og (P< 0.001). Birds grown on mung bean diets had nonsignificantly (P> 0.05) higher live weight and carcass output than those on chickpeas while those grown on the, control diet yielded significantly higher (P< 0.01) carcass output. Actual weights of both pancreas and intestines and their weights as percentage of live weight significantly increased (P< 0.001) with increasing levels of either bean and the increase was comparatively greater for chickpeas than for mung beans. There was no significant variation in actual weight of liver but the weight of liver as percentage of live weight significantly increased (P< 0.05) as the level of either bean increased. TI, CTI, tannin and haemagglutinating activities in chickpeas and mung beans were 3.25 vs 3.35, 4.30 vs 0.24, 6.4 vs 9.4mg/g and 6.4 vs 51.2HU/g respectively while TI and CTI activities in the control diet wwle 0.04 and 0.00 respectively. Levels of ANFs increased as level of either bean in the diet increased, hence performance of chicks declined linearly. Among the ANFs detected, the level of total protease inhibitors (TI + Cf I ) activity gives clear explanation for the variation in chick performance. In addition, it was suggested that the poorer performance of chicks on chickpea diets could also be attributed to lower digestibility and availability of carbohydrates in chickpeas. 2