http://hdl.handle.net/11343/159 2021-08-03T19:01:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279456 Douglas, S; Schillemans, T; ‘t Hart, P; Ansell, C; Bøgh Andersen, L; Flinders, M; Head, B; Moynihan, D; Nabatchi, T; O'Flynn, J; Peters, BG; Raadschelders, J; Sancino, A; Sørensen, E; Torfing, J 2021 Rising to Ostrom's Challenge: An invitation to walk on the bright side of politics, governance and public service Report 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279455 Tunstall, E 2021 The Paradox of the Valentine Thomas Affair: English Diplomacy, Royal Correspondence and the Elizabethan Succession In 1598 the Catholic Valentine Thomas was apprehended near Morpeth in northern England. Thomas’s confession accused King James VI of Scotland of encouraging him to murder Queen Elizabeth I of England. Rumours of Thomas’s confession reached Scotland, transforming it into a matter of Anglo-Scottish diplomacy. This article will focus on the English political context as intensive diplomatic exchanges passed between ambassadors and through the royal correspondence in the search for a resolution. The Valentine Thomas affair was a paradox, for while the plot was minor, its connection to the Elizabethan succession debate turned it into a matter of diplomatic importance. Journal Article 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279451 Hirtle, P; HUDSON, EJ; KENYON, A 2009 Copyright and cultural institutions: Guidelines for digitization for U.S. libraries, archives, and museums Book 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279447 Edstrom, M; Kenyon, A; Svensson, E 2016 Blurring the Lines: Market-Driven and Democracy-Driven Freedom of Expression Book 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279443 Bebbington, A; Fash, B; Rogan, J 2019-03-01 Socio-environmental Conflict, Political Settlements, and Mining Governance: A Cross-Border Comparison, El Salvador and Honduras During the mid-2000s, Honduras and El Salvador implemented mining moratoria. By 2017 El Salvador had legislated a globally unprecedented ban on all forms of metal mining, while in Honduras mining was expanding aggressively. These neighboring countries present the explanatory challenge of understanding the distinct trajectories of mining policy and politics. These divergent pathways can be explained by the interactions between the political economy of subsoil resources, national political settlements, and the ways in which diverse actors have taken advantage (or not) of openings in these settlements. A mediados de la década del 2000, Honduras y El Salvador implementaron moratorias mineras. Para el 2017, El Salvador había legislado una prohibición sin precedentes a nivel mundial de todas las formas de minería de metales, mientras que en Honduras la minería se estaba expandiendo agresivamente. Estos países vecinos presentan el desafío explicativo de comprender las distintas trayectorias de la política minera y la política. Estas vías divergentes pueden explicarse por las interacciones entre la economía política de los recursos del subsuelo, los acuerdos políticos nacionales y las formas en que diversos actores han aprovechado (o no) las aperturas en estos acuerdos. Journal Article 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279442 Lander, J; Hatcher, P; Bebbington, DH; Bebbington, A; Banks, G 2021-04-01 Troubling the idealised pageantry of extractive conflicts: Comparative insights on authority and claim-making from Papua New Guinea, Mongolia and El Salvador This article challenges simplified and idealised representation of conflicts between corporations, states and impacted populations in the context of extractive industries. Through comparative discussion of mineral extraction in Papua New Guinea, Mongolia and El Salvador, we argue that strategies of engagement over the terms of extraction vary significantly as a result of the interaction between relations of authority and recognition in the context of specific projects and the national political economy of mining. As mineral extraction impinges on their lands, livelihoods, territories and senses of the future, affected populations face the uncertain question of how to respond and to whom to direct these responses. Strategies vary widely, and can involve confrontation, litigation, negotiation, resignation, and patronage. These strategies are targeted at companies, investors, the national state, local government, multilateral institutions, and international arbitrators. We argue that the key to understanding how strategies emerge to target different types and scales of authority, lies ultimately with inherited geographies of state presence and strategic absence. This factor shapes the construction of “community” claim-making in relation to state and non-state authorities, and calculations regarding the relative utility of claiming rights or mobilizing relationships as a means of seeking redress, compensation or benefit sharing. In the context of plural opportunities for claim-making, we query whether plurality is more emancipatory or, ironically, more constricting for impacted populations. In response to this question, we argue that “community” strategies tend to be more effective where they remain linked in some way to the territorial and legislative structure of the national state. Journal Article 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279441 Bebbington, A; Estefanía Carballo, A; GREGORY, G; Werner, T 2021 Negotiating the mine Commitments, engagements, contradictions This Handbook provides an essential guide to the study of resources and their role in socio-environmental change. Chapter 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279440 Bebbington, A 2018-01-01 Rural social movements: Conflicts over the countryside In 2016, at least 200 land and environmental, defenders were murdered – the deadliest year on record. Not only is this trend growing, it’s spreading – killings were dispersed across 24 countries, compared to 16 in 2015. Chapter 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279439 Odell, SD; Bebbington, A; Frey, KE 2018-01-01 Mining and climate change: A review and framework for analysis In this paper, we demonstrate that climate change is critically important for the current and future status of mining activity and its impacts on surrounding communities and environments. We illustrate this through examples from Latin America, including a spatial analysis of the intersection between projected climate changes and existing mining operations. We then elaborate a framework to identify and investigate the relationships among mining, climate change, and public and private responses to them. The framework also notes the importance of political economy and learning processes to the forms taken by these relationships. Our paper then reports on a focused review of peer-reviewed publications that aims to identify the extent to which a core research literature on mining and climate change currently exists. We show that this literature is still very limited, but that the analysis that does exist can be encapsulated by the main elements of our framework. This enables us to describe the current structure of both peer-reviewed and policy research on mining and climate change, and identify areas for future research. In particular, we note the chronic absence of research on this relationship for the vast majority of developing countries, where some of the most serious vulnerabilities to climate change exist. Journal Article 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279438 Recio, RB; Dovey, K 2021-07-26 Forced Eviction by Another Name: Neoliberal Urban Development in Manila Journal Article 2021-07-26T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279437 Recio, RB 2020-09-16 Street entanglements: Contestation, collaboration, and co-optation in Manila's informal vending spaces Global estimates show that millions of urban poor in many Global South cities embrace informal livelihoods to earn a living. Street vending is one of such informal employment. The literature has examined how state institutions use “formal” and “informal” approaches to manage street vending. Yet, there is inadequate empirical account of the governing relations emerging from an interface between state-led interventions and grassroots collective action. I deploy the notion of street entanglements—how street vendors' actions and the ties they forge are structurally entwined with state power and its broader political context—to examine this interface. Drawing on the experiences of informal vendors in Metro Manila’s Baclaran district, I unpack four overlapping factors that shape the state-vendor relationship: (1) disjunctive urban governance, (2) strong kinship ties, (3) clientelist political relations, and (4) grassroots democratic entanglements. I discuss the causes and consequences of these entwined relations and problematize their implications for governing urban spaces. Although the findings are rooted in Metro Manila, similar challenges may take place in other Global South metropolises. Journal Article 2020-09-16T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279436 Han, Jiho 2021 Synthesis and Modification of ZnSe Nanoplatelets Nanoplatelets (NPLs) are a class of nanoparticles which have garnered significant interest in the research community. Unfortunately, much of the focus has been on the usual workhorse material: cadmium selenide. Zinc selenide is a close relative of cadmium selenide, both belonging to the II-VI family of semiconductors, but little research exists on ZnSe NPLs beyond its initial synthesis. In this thesis, ZnSe NPLs are addressed from the bottom up. In Chapter 2, the formation mechanism of ZnSe NPLs and MSCs is investigated. The evolution of nanoparticles in the reaction is monitored while exploring the reaction space. It is demonstrated that the concept of surface reversibility can be used to predict the formation of NPLs and MSCs. Additionally, it is found that MSCs and NPLs compete in the reaction, and selective formation can be induced by varying selenium precursor and the ripening behaviour of the ligand. Along the way, five unreported ZnSe magic-sized clusters (MSCs) are found. Chapter 3 of the thesis is a demonstration of Mn 2+ doping into the ZnSe and ZnS NPLs. Mn 2+dopant incorporation can be confirmed via its photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation spectra and the photostability is measured. Additionally, the unique Mn 2+ emission is used a probe to investigate the evolution of various ZnSe species. Finally, Chapter 4 is concerned with the post-synthetic shelling of ZnSe nanoplatelets. ZnSe NPLs as synthesized from literature are colloidally and photo-unstable. A common solution to this is to coat the surface of the nanocrystal with a suitable semiconductor material. By modifying the process introduced for CdSe NPLs, the synthesized ZnSe NPLs are shelled successfully via colloidal atomic layer deposition (C-ALD). This allows us to improve its photoluminescence properties and observe unique features associated with Type-II ZnSe/CdS heterostructures. © 2021 Jiho Han Masters Coursework thesis 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279435 Lai, Michelle Mei Yee 2021 The role of lifestyle, cardiovascular factors and biomarkers on health status in older adults at risk of cognitive deterioration Recent developments in neuroscience have heightened the possibilities to tackle the prodromal stage of dementia. The purpose of this thesis is to identify the relationships between physical health, cognitive function, vascular risk burden and peripheral biomarker candidates in 108 older adults at risk of cognitive decline. The AIBL Active trial participants, aged 60 years and older (32 cases of MCI, 76 cases of SMC) with at least one cardiovascular risk factor present, completed a neuropsychological test battery and provided cross-sectional health data and physical activity information using a validated questionnaire and pedometer recordings. Cardiovascular parameters and blood tests determined if the participants met the clinical definition of metabolic syndrome that referred to a cluster of vascular and metabolic disturbances due to obesity and insulin resistance. This thesis utilised a preferred statistical standardisation of metabolic syndrome factors and obtained continuous variable (z-scores) to indicate the composite cardiovascular risk burden that addressed the progressive nature of the syndrome. Regression models adjusted for covariates examined the associations between the parameters and cognitive function. Almost two-thirds of participants met the national physical activity guidelines for older Australians with MCI or SMC (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) over 150 minutes per week), according to self-report (average 317 minutes/week). The pedometer estimated a mean of 6,926 steps/day for all participants. Participants with lower body mass index (BMI) and higher self-efficacy were 18% and 24% respectively more likely to meet the guideline recommendations. The risk severity of metabolic syndrome was inversely associated with pedometer tracked physical activity and the six-minute walk test, independent of global cognitive performance. The six-minute walk test has a stronger association with metabolic syndrome and may be a preferable assessment tool to evaluate exercise capacity compared to the timed-up-and-go test in participants at risk of cognitive decline. The metabolic syndrome components are traditional vascular and metabolic risk factors, but few cognitive studies have examined the combined risk severity. While cognitive tests scores were similar between the two groups with or without a clinical diagnosis of a metabolic syndrome, the continuous standardised z-scores for metabolic syndrome were associated with lower cognitive performance for global cognition and executive functions. Therefore, the combined risk burden (z-score) was more sensitive to cognitive associations than the presence or absence of the clinical syndrome. Multivariate regression analyses showed separate linear associations between vascular risk factors (fasting homocysteine, glucose and Framingham scores) and lower cognitive functions. The importance and originality of this thesis are that several peripheral biomarkers showed significant associations with cognition, including between increasing plasma tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and executive dysfunction and between increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and better global cognition. A model hypothesising the relationship between physical health, cognition, vascular risk factors and biomarkers is proposed. A higher cardiometabolic risk burden may point to opportunities for cognitive testing and lifestyle modification recommendation in older adults as individuals may experience cognitive changes. The findings in the peripheral biomarker analyses add to the evidence of associations between TNF-alpha, BDNF and cognitive deficits. Future longitudinal research will be needed to establish a direct link between health factors, biomarkers and cognitive decline in older adults at risk of cognitive deterioration. © 2021 Michelle Mei Yee Lai Doctorate; thesis 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279434 Law, SF; Cattlin, J; Locke, W 2021 Understanding University Engagement: The impact of COVID-19 on collaborations and partnerships In preparing for post-COVID-19 environment, this study sets out to explore the key barriers and challenges facing university staff and external stakeholders in sustaining engagement, and proposes ways to improve university external engagement. A total of 25 in-depth interviews were conducted during the pandemic disruptions with university staff across disciplines, levels and portfolios at the University of Melbourne, aiming to explore the different meanings, purposes, barriers and future outlooks on the ways in which universities engage with our society. Report 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279433 Safiqur Rahaman Shishir, M; Wu, M; Su, L; Hsu, Y-A; Brodie, G; Cullen, B; Cheng, L 2021-04 89 Assessment of NIRS and wet chemistry analytical methods for nutritive value analysis of microwave treated feeds Journal Article 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279432 Brodie, G; Jamal Khan, M; Gupta, D 2020-06-17 Microwave Soil Treatment and Plant Growth Crop yield gaps can be partially overcome by soil sanitation strategies such as fumigation; however, there are fewer suitable fumigants available in the marketplace and growing concerns about chemical impacts in the environment and human food chain. Therefore, thermal soil sanitation has been considered for some time and microwave soil treatment has some important advantages over other thermal soil sanitation techniques, such as steam treatment. It is also apparent that microwave soil sanitation does not sterilize the soil, but favors beneficial species of soil biota making more nutrients available for better plant growth. From these perspectives, microwave soil treatment may become an important pre-sowing soil sanitation technology for high value cropping systems, allowing agricultural systems to better bridge the crop yield gap. Chapter 2020-06-17T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279431 Phonetip, K; Brodie, GI; Bouaphavong, D; Boupha, L; Khambouddaphan, S 2020-11-01 Drying Tectona grandis Boards Using the Simulating Solar Kiln Conditions Technique Timber cracking, drying stress residuals, and the change of moisture content profile were investigated during the drying of Tectona grandis boards in a conventional laboratory kiln. The study applied a technique that simulated solar kiln conditions using a conventional laboratory kiln to dry timber, based on Vientiane’s climatic conditions (Laos). The theoretical recharge and discharge model was used to generate the potential drying schedule for the Vientiane area; then the drying schedule was mimicked in a conventional laboratory kiln. Timber cracking and drying stress residual were monitored and measured using Image J software, and the change of moisture content profile was determined, based on the oven dry method. Measured moisture content data were compared with the theoretical drying model. The results showed that teak boards, of 25 mm thick, had no cracking. The drying stress residual was 0.8 ± 0.3 mm with the maximum of 1.53 mm. The initial average moisture content of 62% decreased to 12% within 16 d, while the case and core moisture contents reached 12% and 14%, respectively. The drying model described the changes of moisture content profile during drying, with a maximal error of 5%. Journal Article 2020-11-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279430 Barzehkar, M; Parnell, KE; Mobarghaee Dinan, N; Brodie, G 2020-12-24 Decision support tools for wind and solar farm site selection in Isfahan Province, Iran (Nov, 10.1007/s10098-020-01978-w, 2020) In the original publication, the figures 4 and 5 were swapped mistakenly. The correct figures with their caption are provided in this correction. Journal Article 2020-12-24T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279429 Brodie, G 2021-01-19 Modeling the very broad band dielectric properties of water Developing a mathematical model for the dielectric properties of water over a wide range of frequencies helps design, develop, model and optimize processes involving the interaction of electromagnetic waves with water containing materials. Based on large data sets (1744 published dielectric measurements) from literature and significant extensions to mathematical models, which have also been presented in literature, a comprehensive mathematical model for the most important dipolar responses and molecular resonances of water, from radio wave to the ultraviolet frequencies has been developed. This model provides a good approximation to published dielectric properties of pure water. Where possible, it also accounts for the influence of salinity and temperature. Journal Article 2021-01-19T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279428 Barzehkar, M; Parnell, KE; Mobarghaee Dinan, N; Brodie, G 2021-05 Decision support tools for wind and solar farm site selection in Isfahan Province, Iran Optimizing the location of wind and photovoltaic solar power plants is a significant environmental management problem. The effectiveness of the site selection process for renewable energy systems (RES) could be strengthened by flexible spatial and environmental planning strategies using decision support systems (DSS) to critically identify the most productive, environmentally friendly and acceptable sites for the production of sustainable and reliable wind and solar energy. This study discusses hybrid DSS, using multi-criteria evaluation based on the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), a geographical information system (GIS), fuzzy logic, and a weighted linear combination (WLC) approach to determine optimal locations for renewable energy generation infrastructure. In the first stage, the most decisive factors for evaluating the site suitability were identified, based on experts’ opinions. Next, raster layers of ecological and socioeconomic sub-criteria were prepared GIS software. After incorporating the raster maps of each parameter, fuzzy membership functions were applied to normalize each raster layer between 0 and 1. The relative weights of different indicators were calculated using super decision software. Prioritizing vital elements were performed using AHP. In the final stage, the WLC approach was utilized to amalgamate layers in the GIS environment, which afforded the final site suitability maps. In Isfahan Province, Iran, 26% of the land area was found to be highly suitable for solar farms with 18% being highly suitable for wind farms. The results illustrate that using and comparing the results from combinations of computer-based DSS are more likely to result in better decisions than using individual DSS tools for the determination of the most suitable sites for RES location. Journal Article 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279427 Taheri, S; Brodie, G; Gupta, D 2021-03-01 Optimised ANN and SVR models for online prediction of moisture content and temperature of lentil seeds in a microwave fluidised bed dryer Online monitoring and control of the drying processes are necessary to maintain the final products’ quality attributes, especially when a microwave system is used to facilitate the drying process. Machine learning techniques could be a suitable and very accurate approach for modelling the drying process. Two machine learning techniques including Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were employed to predict lentil seeds’ temperature and moisture ratio during drying in a microwave fluidised bed dryer with inputs of microwave power (0–500 W), fluidising air temperature (50 °C and 60 °C) and drying time. Mean squared error (MSE) and the coefficient of determination (R2) were used to evaluate the performance of the models. One hidden layer and 10 hidden neurons, the logistic sigmoid transfer function for the hidden layer, and a linear function for the output layer were determined to be the best structure for the ANN. Weights and biases were found by training the network with Bayesian Regularisation (trainbr) and the optimum MSE and R2 of the test set were 3.8×10-5 and 0.999 respectively. Optimised SVR could also provide a good model to predict MR and temperature (overall MSE = 1.96 ×10-4 andR2 = 0.995), although ANN provided relatively more accuracy for the temperature data. Therefore, ANN could be utilised as an accurate tool for the prediction of MR and temperature of lentil seeds during microwave fluidised bed drying. Journal Article 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279426 Werner, TT; Bebbington, A; Gregory, G 2019-07-01 Assessing impacts of mining: Recent contributions from GIS and remote sensing Mining produces several environmental, social, and economic impacts which can be analysed spatially using remote sensing (RS) and geographical information systems (GIS). This paper provides an overview of recent studies using these techniques to assess mining impacts on water, land, and society. It also highlights the geographic complexities of these impacts via mining case studies, and discusses spatial research methods, data sources, and limitations. Despite noted simplifications, risks, and uncertainties of mapping the impacts of mining, the cases included in our overview illustrate that there are clearly beneficial applications. At a local level, these include environmental and socioeconomic risk assessments, disaster mitigation, and adjudication on mine-related conflicts. At a regional level, spatial analyses can support cumulative and strategic impact assessments. At a global level, spatial analyses can reveal industry-wide land use trends, and provide key land use data for comparative analyses of mining impacts between commodities, locations, and mine configurations. The degree to which such benefits are realised will likely depend on the resources afforded to what is a growing field of study. Journal Article 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279425 Farokhi, F; Nair, G 2021-04-11 Non-Stochastic Private Function Evaluation Conference Paper 2021-04-11T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279424 Toumbourou, T; Muhdar, M; Werner, T; Bebbington, A 2020-07-01 Political ecologies of the post-mining landscape: Activism, resistance, and legal struggles over Kalimantan's coal mines This study explores contestation over the meanings, rules and practices of coal mine reclamation and mine closure in the context of East Kalimantan, Indonesia's major coal producing province. As mining intensified in the province, and coal was mined out, concessions were left with large mine voids un-refilled and abandoned without closure – many within close vicinity to human settlements. Following an extended campaign led by a diverse group of social movement actors, utilising various advocacy and litigation strategies, the East Kalimantan legislature adopted a provincial regulation in 2013, reinforcing higher-level regulations that mandate coal mining companies to conduct reclamation and post-mining clean up. The regulation was the first time that activists had directly influenced policy regulating mining at the sub-national level in Indonesia. Yet the policy outcome alone has not been sufficient to shape change: an estimated 1735 coal mine voids remain un-refilled in East Kalimantan, and the number of human fatalities from deaths in mine voids continues to grow. Remediation of mine sites is rarely performed to return land to its pre-mined conditions. By bringing together relevant scholarship in political ecology, the politics of development and legal geography, we analyse the relationships between pact-making, political settlements, contestation and policy reform related to the governance of post-mine landscapes. Journal Article 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279423 Kikon, D 2021-07-15 Caste and the Corporation, in India and Abroad Recorded Work Other 2021-07-15T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279422 Tice, Julianne 2021 The urban political ecology of access to solar PV: Energy justice and climate justice in the Darebin Solar Saver program Certain groups within society, including the poor, the elderly, and those renting their homes are at risk of bearing disproportionate costs resulting from the transition to a low-carbon economy. These groups are particularly at risk of energy injustice and climate injustice related to being able to purchase sufficient energy or being able to adequately heat or cool their homes as the impacts of climate change continue. The Darebin Solar Saver program in the City of Darebin, Melbourne, Victoria is an attempt to address these issues. The program enables pensioners, low-income residents and renters (the target audience) in Darebin to install solar PV on their home with no upfront costs and with system costs repaid interest-free through their council rates over ten years. This research identified how well the program was successful in reaching its target audience and the extent to which it was successful in achieving climate justice and energy justice outcomes for participants in the years 2018 and 2019. During the years 2018-2019, the scheme was expanded to all Darebin residents to reach Darebin City Council’s goal to double solar generation capacity in Darebin from 19 to 38 MW. A survey was sent to program participants who received solar PV in 2018-2019, and four randomly selected survey respondents were interviewed: two Darebin City Councillors and one former Darebin Solar Saver staff member. Once the scheme was expanded in 2018-2019, demand by residents outpaced the council’s capacity to both deliver solar PV installs and actively focus recruitment efforts towards its target audience. Wealthier homeowners joined the scheme at the expense of those with lower incomes. The program failed to reach many renters, although this was one group within the target audience. Energy and climate justice was achieved for the 32.8% of low-income and pensioner residents who were reached through the program, and to a lesser extent for nearly half of other survey respondents. Schemes such as Darebin Solar Saver have the potential to achieve energy justice and climate justice outcomes for residents at risk of energy poverty and disproportionate climate impacts. However, this and other similar schemes must be actively targeted to achieve equity and justice goals. © 2021 Julianne Tice Masters Coursework thesis 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279421 Williams, K; Lewis, JM Understanding, measuring, and encouraging public policy research impact Journal Article http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279420 Williams, K; Pollitt, A; Grant, J; Nolan, T 2020 An evaluation of the impact component of the Australian Research Council’s 2018 Engagement and Impact Assessment Report 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279419 Rose, Bruce Thomas 2021 The uncertain relationship between social capital and inequality in the fields of corporate food production In advanced liberal democracies, the state seeks to create a distance between the decisions of formal political institutions and those whom they aim to govern. In doing so, the state devolves governance in ways that align with Foucault’s notion of governmentality; organising things such that people self-govern without necessarily being aware that their conduct is being conducted. The most significant characterisation of this phenomenon has been the dismantling of activities previously undertaken by the state, such as the provision of social support, and transferring responsibility for these activities to civil society. For regional communities that are physically remote from political institutions, one consequence of this reconfiguration is a sense of political abandonment. In these circumstances local elites can emerge whose primary objective is to garner from those whom they regard as ‘outsiders’, the resources they believe their community needs and is entitled to. This research contributes to scholarship within anthropology that challenges the way we think about elites. It also provides ethnographic evidence that challenges the stability of Foucault’s notion of governmentality. I explore how a powerful clique of locals, who are emotionally and economically invested in corporate food production in regional Victoria, mediate resources with other elites engaged in neoliberal philanthropy in order to address the kinds of socio-economic inequalities that appear to have divided their community during their region’s transitioning to this neoliberal form of production. Whilst these two groups initially collaborated, their conflicting narratives regarding disadvantage and the resistance they encountered from other elites who did not regard their involvement as essential, caused them to ‘lock horns’, eventually diminishing the impact of their shared endeavour. This ethnography exposes risks that can compromise efforts to address complex social issues such as rising socio-economic inequality by transferring responsibility for their governance to local elites whose interests may be conflicted and who are largely unaccountable. © 2021 Bruce Thomas Rose PhD thesis 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/11343/279418 Hegarty, B Governing Nonconformity: Gender Presentation, Public Space, and the City in New Order Indonesia The regulation of public space is generative of new approaches to gender nonconformity. In 1968 in Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, a group of people who identified as wadam—a new term made by combining parts of Indonesian words denoting “femininity” and “masculinity”—made a claim to the city's governor that they had the right to appear in public space. This article illustrates the paradoxical achievement of obtaining recognition on terms constituted through public nuisance regulations governing access to and movement through space. The origins and diffuse effects of recognition achieved by those who identified as wadam and, a decade later, waria facilitated the partial recognition of a status that was legal but nonconforming. This possibility emerged out of city-level innovations and historical conceptualizations of the body in Indonesia. Attending to the way that gender nonconformity was folded into existing methods of codifying space at the scale of the city reflects a broader anxiety over who can enter public space and on what basis. Considering a concern for struggles to contend with nonconformity on spatial grounds at the level of the city encourages an alternative perspective on the emergence of gender and sexual morality as a definitive feature of national belonging in Indonesia and elsewhere. Journal Article