Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a leading epidemic of cardiovascular disease in developed countries, owing to an ageing population and the Western lifestyle. In addition to effects on quality of life and economic burden on the ...

Malaria is a major threat to the tropical regions around the world. The World Health Organization has reported Plasmodium falciparum as the most lethal malaria parasite species. It is also reported that a huge proportion ...

Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) proteins are expressed on the surface of the infected erythrocyte (IE). These proteins mediate the adhesion of the parasite IE to host cells which could result ...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a highly prevalent, incurable, progressive, disease characterised by persisting respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation, which arise from airway or parenchymal abnormalities. ...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is induced by external forces to the brain, and is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Although significant research efforts have been made to identify an effective treatment, ...

Tuberculosis (TB) represents a major public health issue at the global level. Despite the availability of vaccines and treatments, TB still kills around 1.6 million persons each year due to a combination of unresolved ...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity for children and young adults. Accumulating research suggests that children may be more vulnerable to poor long-term outcomes after TBI compared ...

Acute ischaemic stroke is caused by a blocked blood vessel in the cerebral circulation. It is the most common form of stroke worldwide and a major cause of disability and death. Over the past 20 years, major advances in ...

The accurate quantification of liver fibrosis is essential to the prognostication and clinical management of patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). Whilst liver biopsy remains the gold standard for fibrosis assessment, ...

Variation in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes has been extensively associated with predisposition to autoimmune disease and adverse drug reaction. Translation of these associations to clinical practice has proven ...