Through toothache, infection and tooth loss, dental diseases have a major impact on the health and well-being of children. Dental caries and hypomineralised second primary molars (HSPM) are two common diseases of childhood. ...

The identification of children with language difficulties relies on the referral of children to speech-language services. Yet, the referrers of young school-aged children cannot always accurately discriminate those with ...

Rett Syndrome (RTT) is a severe neurological disorder with diagnostic challenges and undetermined patholophysiology. Small regulatory RNAs known as miRNAs are essential in a multiple biological processes, including brain ...

Admission to hospital has a negative impact on quality of life in children, carries the risk of hospital-acquired infections and is associated with higher costs. The alternative to hospital admission for intravenous ...

Brain development in childhood and adolescence is a highly dynamic process, governed by the rapid expansion of white matter macrostructure. This volumetric expansion involves the growth and reorganisation of the white ...

Collagen II (COL2A1) is a major structural component of the extracellular matrix in cartilaginous tissues, and mutations that affect the expression or structure of collagen II result in a range of chondrodysplasias. Many ...

Fluid bolus therapy is one of the most commonly administered forms of acute circulatory support in hospitalised children and adults. Early and aggressive fluid bolus therapy has been used as a cornerstone of the treatment ...

Elevated large arterial stiffness is an independent risk factor for adult cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Arterial dysfunction may already be evident in childhood, and children born preterm, or with a history ...

Peanut and tree nut allergies are the most commonly reported trigger of food induced anaphylaxis and fatalities. Whilst most childhood allergies are outgrown by school age, peanut and tree nut allergy resolution has been ...

Disorders/Differences of Sex Development (DSDs) are conditions where the chromosomal, anatomical or gonadal sex is atypical. DSDs are caused by a breakdown in the molecular pathways controlling development of the reproductive ...