The concept of screening entails detecting subclinical disease in the hope of altering the natural progression and thereby reducing long term mortality and morbidity. For a screening program to be effective it must be ...

Background: Cardiometabolic disorders including atherosclerosis, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are major causes of mortality and morbidity. Nutrition is a lifestyle factor that plays an important role in the ...

Thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TO) is an autoimmune-mediated orbital inflammation that affects 25% of patients with Graves’ disease. The close temporal relationship between onset of Graves’ disease and TO suggests they ...

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global health problem. It is the second leading cause of cancer related death worldwide and in Australia. Around 25% of CRC will experience recurrences postoperatively in the absence of lymph ...

Introduction: Uncomplicated pregnancies represent a hypercoaguable state. However, placental thrombosis is rare in these pregnancies which suggests that thrombin generation must be tightly regulated. In contrast, pregnancy ...

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a widespread global problem of particular importance for people with HIV. Vitamin D is an important hormone for endocrine and extra-endocrine functions, including modulating the immune ...

Background: Lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels have been consistently associated with increased type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence and incidence in systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational ...

Background: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious infection that is difficult to cure and is associated with significant morbidity. The pathogenesis of PJI involves bacteria growing in biofilm adherent to the ...

TCD8+ of the adaptive immune system play critical roles in the host defence against viruses and other pathogens through elimination of infected host cells. After infection, TCD8+ proliferate and adopt effector functions ...

High calcium intake can prevent age-related bone loss; however, its efficacy in fracture prevention is not clear. Some recent studies have associated calcium supplementation with adverse cardiovascular events (CVE). ...