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    If Human Brain Organoids Are the Answer to Understanding Dementia, What Are the Questions?

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    Author
    Ooi, L; Dottori, M; Cook, AL; Engel, M; Gautam, V; Grubman, A; Hernandez, D; King, AE; Maksour, S; Anastacio, HTD; ...
    Date
    2020-10
    Source Title
    The Neuroscientist: reviews at the interface of basic and clinical neurosciences
    Publisher
    Sage Publications
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Pebay, Alice; Williamson, Robert; Dottori, Mirella; White, Anthony; Gautam, Vini; Hernandez De Santiago, Hector
    Affiliation
    Biomedical Engineering
    Surgery (RMH)
    Paediatrics (RCH)
    Pharmacology and Therapeutics
    Anatomy and Neuroscience
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Ooi, L., Dottori, M., Cook, A. L., Engel, M., Gautam, V., Grubman, A., Hernandez, D., King, A. E., Maksour, S., Anastacio, H. T. D., Balez, R., Pebay, A., Pouton, C., Valenzuela, M., White, A. & Williamson, R. (2020). If Human Brain Organoids Are the Answer to Understanding Dementia, What Are the Questions?. The Neuroscientist, 26 (5-6), pp.438-454. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073858420912404.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/251460
    DOI
    10.1177/1073858420912404
    NHMRC Grant code
    NHMRC/1097461
    NHMRC/1154389
    ARC Grant code
    ARC/FT140100047
    ARC/DE180100775
    Abstract
    Because our beliefs regarding our individuality, autonomy, and personhood are intimately bound up with our brains, there is a public fascination with cerebral organoids, the “mini-brain,” the “brain in a dish”. At the same time, the ethical issues around organoids are only now being explored. What are the prospects of using human cerebral organoids to better understand, treat, or prevent dementia? Will human organoids represent an improvement on the current, less-than-satisfactory, animal models? When considering these questions, two major issues arise. One is the general challenge associated with using any stem cell–generated preparation for in vitro modelling (challenges amplified when using organoids compared with simpler cell culture systems). The other relates to complexities associated with defining and understanding what we mean by the term “dementia.” We discuss 10 puzzles, issues, and stumbling blocks to watch for in the quest to model “dementia in a dish.”

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