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    Polygenic risk scores and breast and epithelial ovarian cancer risks for carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variants

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    Author
    Barnes, DR; Rookus, MA; McGuffog, L; Leslie, G; Mooij, TM; Dennis, J; Mavaddat, N; Adlard, J; Ahmed, M; Aittomaki, K; ...
    Date
    2020-07-15
    Source Title
    Genetics in Medicine
    Publisher
    SPRINGERNATURE
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Southey, Melissa; Trainer, Alison; Phillips, Kelly-Anne; James, Paul; Campbell, Ian
    Affiliation
    Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology
    Clinical Pathology
    Medicine and Radiology
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Barnes, D. R., Rookus, M. A., McGuffog, L., Leslie, G., Mooij, T. M., Dennis, J., Mavaddat, N., Adlard, J., Ahmed, M., Aittomaki, K., Andrieu, N., Andrulis, I. L., Arnold, N., Arun, B. K., Azzollini, J., Balmana, J., Barkardottir, R. B., Barrowdale, D., Benitez, J. ,... Antoniou, A. C. (2020). Polygenic risk scores and breast and epithelial ovarian cancer risks for carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variants. GENETICS IN MEDICINE, 22 (10), pp.1653-1666. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41436-020-0862-x.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/251513
    DOI
    10.1038/s41436-020-0862-x
    Abstract
    PURPOSE: We assessed the associations between population-based polygenic risk scores (PRS) for breast (BC) or epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) with cancer risks for BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. METHODS: Retrospective cohort data on 18,935 BRCA1 and 12,339 BRCA2 female pathogenic variant carriers of European ancestry were available. Three versions of a 313 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) BC PRS were evaluated based on whether they predict overall, estrogen receptor (ER)-negative, or ER-positive BC, and two PRS for overall or high-grade serous EOC. Associations were validated in a prospective cohort. RESULTS: The ER-negative PRS showed the strongest association with BC risk for BRCA1 carriers (hazard ratio [HR] per standard deviation = 1.29 [95% CI 1.25-1.33], P = 3×10-72). For BRCA2, the strongest association was with overall BC PRS (HR = 1.31 [95% CI 1.27-1.36], P = 7×10-50). HR estimates decreased significantly with age and there was evidence for differences in associations by predicted variant effects on protein expression. The HR estimates were smaller than general population estimates. The high-grade serous PRS yielded the strongest associations with EOC risk for BRCA1 (HR = 1.32 [95% CI 1.25-1.40], P = 3×10-22) and BRCA2 (HR = 1.44 [95% CI 1.30-1.60], P = 4×10-12) carriers. The associations in the prospective cohort were similar. CONCLUSION: Population-based PRS are strongly associated with BC and EOC risks for BRCA1/2 carriers and predict substantial absolute risk differences for women at PRS distribution extremes.

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