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    Potential for Novel Biomarkers in Diabetes-Associated Chronic Kidney Disease: Epigenome, Metabolome, and Gut Microbiome

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    Author
    Lecamwasam, A; Ekinci, EI; Saffery, R; Dwyer, KM
    Date
    2020-09-01
    Source Title
    Biomedicines
    Publisher
    MDPI
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Ekinci, Elif; Dwyer, Karen; Saffery, Richard
    Affiliation
    Medicine and Radiology
    Paediatrics (RCH)
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Lecamwasam, A., Ekinci, E. I., Saffery, R. & Dwyer, K. M. (2020). Potential for Novel Biomarkers in Diabetes-Associated Chronic Kidney Disease: Epigenome, Metabolome, and Gut Microbiome. BIOMEDICINES, 8 (9), https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8090341.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/251661
    DOI
    10.3390/biomedicines8090341
    Abstract
    Diabetes-associated chronic kidney disease is a pandemic issue. Despite the global increase in the number of individuals with this chronic condition together with increasing morbidity and mortality, there are currently only limited therapeutic options to slow disease progression. One of the reasons for this is that the current-day "gold standard" biomarkers lack adequate sensitivity and specificity to detect early diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review focuses on the rapidly evolving areas of epigenetics, metabolomics, and the gut microbiome as potential sources of novel biomarkers in diabetes-associated CKD and discusses their relevance to clinical practice. However, it also highlights the problems associated with many studies within these three areas-namely, the lack of adequately powered longitudinal studies, and the lack of reproducibility of results which impede biomarker development and clinical validation in this complex and susceptible population.

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