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    Betaine and Isoquinoline Alkaloids Protect against Heat Stress and Colonic Permeability in Growing Pigs

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    Author
    Le, HH; Shakeri, M; Suleria, HAR; Zhao, W; McQuade, RM; Phillips, DJ; Vidacs, E; Furness, JB; Dunshea, FR; Artuso-Ponte, V; ...
    Date
    2020-10-01
    Source Title
    Antioxidants
    Publisher
    MDPI
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Suleria, Hafiz Ansar Rasul; Dunshea, Frank; Cottrell, Jeremy; McQuade, Rachel
    Affiliation
    Agriculture and Food Systems
    Medicine and Radiology
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Le, H. H., Shakeri, M., Suleria, H. A. R., Zhao, W., McQuade, R. M., Phillips, D. J., Vidacs, E., Furness, J. B., Dunshea, F. R., Artuso-Ponte, V. & Cottrell, J. J. (2020). Betaine and Isoquinoline Alkaloids Protect against Heat Stress and Colonic Permeability in Growing Pigs. ANTIOXIDANTS, 9 (10), https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9101024.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/251736
    DOI
    10.3390/antiox9101024
    Abstract
    Heat stress (HS) compromises productivity of pork production, in part as a result of increased oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, particularly within the gastrointestinal tract. This study aimed to investigate whether plant-derived betaine and isoquinoline alkaloids could ameliorate HS in pigs. Fifty female Large White × Landrace grower pigs, which were acclimated to control (CON), control plus betaine (BET), or control plus isoquinoline alkaloids (IQA) diets for 14 days were then exposed to heat stress or thermoneutral condition. Both BET and IQA partially ameliorated increases in respiration rate (p = 0.013) and rectal temperature (p = 0.001) associated with HS conditions. Heat stress increased salivary cortisol concentrations and reduced plasma creatinine, lactate, and thyroid hormone concentrations. Heat stress increased colon FD4 permeability, which was reduced by IQA (p = 0.030). Heat stress increased inflammation in the jejunum and ileum, as indicated by elevated interleukin-1β (p = 0.022) in the jejunum and interleukin-1β (p = 0.004) and interleukin-8 (p = 0.001) in the ileum. No differences in plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were observed with HS, but betaine increased plasma TAC compared to IQA. Dietary BET increased betaine concentrations in the jejunum, ileum (p < 0.001 for both), plasma, liver, kidney (p < 0.010 for all), urine (p = 0.002) and tended to be higher in muscle (p = 0.084). Betaine concentration was not influenced by HS, but it tended to be higher in plasma and accumulated in the liver. These data suggest that betaine and isoquinoline alkaloids supplementation ameliorated consequences of heat stress in grower pigs and protected against HS induced increases in colonic permeability.

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