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    The JAK1/STAT3/SOCS3 axis in bone development, physiology, and pathology

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    Author
    Sims, NA
    Date
    2020-08-13
    Source Title
    Experimental and Molecular Medicine
    Publisher
    NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Sims, Natalie
    Affiliation
    Medicine and Radiology
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Sims, N. A. (2020). The JAK1/STAT3/SOCS3 axis in bone development, physiology, and pathology. EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE, 52 (8), pp.1185-1197. https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-020-0445-6.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/252151
    DOI
    10.1038/s12276-020-0445-6
    Abstract
    Bone growth and the maintenance of bone structure are controlled by multiple endocrine and paracrine factors, including cytokines expressed locally within the bone microenvironment and those that are elevated, both locally and systemically, under inflammatory conditions. This review focuses on those bone-active cytokines that initiate JAK-STAT signaling, and outlines the discoveries made from studying skeletal defects caused by induced or spontaneous modifications in this pathway. Specifically, this review describes defects in JAK1, STAT3, and SOCS3 signaling in mouse models and in humans, including mutations designed to modify these pathways downstream of the gp130 coreceptor. It is shown that osteoclast formation is generally stimulated indirectly by these pathways through JAK1 and STAT3 actions in inflammatory and other accessory cells, including osteoblasts. In addition, in bone remodeling, osteoblast differentiation is increased secondary to stimulated osteoclast formation through an IL-6-dependent pathway. In growth plate chondrocytes, STAT3 signaling promotes the normal differentiation process that leads to bone lengthening. Within the osteoblast lineage, STAT3 signaling promotes bone formation in normal physiology and in response to mechanical loading through direct signaling in osteocytes. This activity, particularly that of the IL-6/gp130 family of cytokines, must be suppressed by SOCS3 for the normal formation of cortical bone.

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