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    Intracranial and subcortical volumes in adolescents withearly-onsetpsychosis: A multisitemega-analysisfrom theENIGMAconsortium

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    Author
    Gurholt, TP; Lonning, V; Nerland, S; Jorgensen, KN; Haukvik, UK; Alloza, C; Arango, C; Barth, C; Bearden, CE; Berk, M; ...
    Date
    2020-10-05
    Source Title
    Human Brain Mapping
    Publisher
    WILEY
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Berk, Michael; Dandash, Orwa
    Affiliation
    Psychiatry
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Gurholt, T. P., Lonning, V., Nerland, S., Jorgensen, K. N., Haukvik, U. K., Alloza, C., Arango, C., Barth, C., Bearden, C. E., Berk, M., Bohman, H., Dandash, O., Diaz-Caneja, C. M., Edbom, C. T., van Erp, T. G. M., Fett, A. -K. J., Frangou, S., Goldstein, B. I., Grigorian, A. ,... Agartz, I. (2020). Intracranial and subcortical volumes in adolescents withearly-onsetpsychosis: A multisitemega-analysisfrom theENIGMAconsortium. HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING, https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25212.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/252605
    DOI
    10.1002/hbm.25212
    Abstract
    Early-onset psychosis disorders are serious mental disorders arising before the age of 18 years. Here, we investigate the largest neuroimaging dataset, to date, of patients with early-onset psychosis and healthy controls for differences in intracranial and subcortical brain volumes. The sample included 263 patients with early-onset psychosis (mean age: 16.4 ± 1.4 years, mean illness duration: 1.5 ± 1.4 years, 39.2% female) and 359 healthy controls (mean age: 15.9 ± 1.7 years, 45.4% female) with magnetic resonance imaging data, pooled from 11 clinical cohorts. Patients were diagnosed with early-onset schizophrenia (n = 183), affective psychosis (n = 39), or other psychotic disorders (n = 41). We used linear mixed-effects models to investigate differences in intracranial and subcortical volumes across the patient sample, diagnostic subgroup and antipsychotic medication, relative to controls. We observed significantly lower intracranial (Cohen's d = -0.39) and hippocampal (d = -0.25) volumes, and higher caudate (d = 0.25) and pallidum (d = 0.24) volumes in patients relative to controls. Intracranial volume was lower in both early-onset schizophrenia (d = -0.34) and affective psychosis (d = -0.42), and early-onset schizophrenia showed lower hippocampal (d = -0.24) and higher pallidum (d = 0.29) volumes. Patients who were currently treated with antipsychotic medication (n = 193) had significantly lower intracranial volume (d = -0.42). The findings demonstrate a similar pattern of brain alterations in early-onset psychosis as previously reported in adult psychosis, but with notably low intracranial volume. The low intracranial volume suggests disrupted neurodevelopment in adolescent early-onset psychosis.

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