Intracranial and subcortical volumes in adolescents withearly-onsetpsychosis: A multisitemega-analysisfrom theENIGMAconsortium

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Gurholt, TP; Lonning, V; Nerland, S; Jorgensen, KN; Haukvik, UK; Alloza, C; Arango, C; Barth, C; Bearden, CE; Berk, M; ...Date
2020-10-05Source Title
Human Brain MappingPublisher
WILEYAffiliation
PsychiatryMetadata
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Gurholt, T. P., Lonning, V., Nerland, S., Jorgensen, K. N., Haukvik, U. K., Alloza, C., Arango, C., Barth, C., Bearden, C. E., Berk, M., Bohman, H., Dandash, O., Diaz-Caneja, C. M., Edbom, C. T., van Erp, T. G. M., Fett, A. -K. J., Frangou, S., Goldstein, B. I., Grigorian, A. ,... Agartz, I. (2020). Intracranial and subcortical volumes in adolescents withearly-onsetpsychosis: A multisitemega-analysisfrom theENIGMAconsortium. HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING, https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25212.Access Status
Open AccessAbstract
Early-onset psychosis disorders are serious mental disorders arising before the age of 18 years. Here, we investigate the largest neuroimaging dataset, to date, of patients with early-onset psychosis and healthy controls for differences in intracranial and subcortical brain volumes. The sample included 263 patients with early-onset psychosis (mean age: 16.4 ± 1.4 years, mean illness duration: 1.5 ± 1.4 years, 39.2% female) and 359 healthy controls (mean age: 15.9 ± 1.7 years, 45.4% female) with magnetic resonance imaging data, pooled from 11 clinical cohorts. Patients were diagnosed with early-onset schizophrenia (n = 183), affective psychosis (n = 39), or other psychotic disorders (n = 41). We used linear mixed-effects models to investigate differences in intracranial and subcortical volumes across the patient sample, diagnostic subgroup and antipsychotic medication, relative to controls. We observed significantly lower intracranial (Cohen's d = -0.39) and hippocampal (d = -0.25) volumes, and higher caudate (d = 0.25) and pallidum (d = 0.24) volumes in patients relative to controls. Intracranial volume was lower in both early-onset schizophrenia (d = -0.34) and affective psychosis (d = -0.42), and early-onset schizophrenia showed lower hippocampal (d = -0.24) and higher pallidum (d = 0.29) volumes. Patients who were currently treated with antipsychotic medication (n = 193) had significantly lower intracranial volume (d = -0.42). The findings demonstrate a similar pattern of brain alterations in early-onset psychosis as previously reported in adult psychosis, but with notably low intracranial volume. The low intracranial volume suggests disrupted neurodevelopment in adolescent early-onset psychosis.
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