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    Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for Analysis of Geographic Atrophy: A Review and Evaluation

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    Author
    Arslan, J; Samarasinghe, G; Benke, KK; Sowmya, A; Wu, Z; Guymer, RH; Baird, PN
    Date
    2020-01-01
    Source Title
    Translational Vision Science and Technology
    Publisher
    ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Baird, Paul; Guymer, Robyn
    Affiliation
    Ophthalmology (Eye & Ear Hospital)
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Arslan, J., Samarasinghe, G., Benke, K. K., Sowmya, A., Wu, Z., Guymer, R. H. & Baird, P. N. (2020). Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for Analysis of Geographic Atrophy: A Review and Evaluation. TRANSLATIONAL VISION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 9 (2), https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.9.2.57.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/252978
    DOI
    10.1167/tvst.9.2.57
    Open Access at PMC
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7594588
    Abstract
    Purpose: The purpose of this study was to summarize and evaluate artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms used in geographic atrophy (GA) diagnostic processes (e.g. isolating lesions or disease progression). Methods: The search strategy and selection of publications were both conducted in accordance with the Preferred of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed and Web of Science were used to extract literary data. The algorithms were summarized by objective, performance, and scope of coverage of GA diagnosis (e.g. lesion automation and GA progression). Results: Twenty-seven studies were identified for this review. A total of 18 publications focused on lesion segmentation only, 2 were designed to detect and classify GA, 2 were designed to predict future overall GA progression, 3 focused on prediction of future spatial GA progression, and 2 focused on prediction of visual function in GA. GA-related algorithms reported sensitivities from 0.47 to 0.98, specificities from 0.73 to 0.99, accuracies from 0.42 to 0.995, and Dice coefficients from 0.66 to 0.89. Conclusions: Current GA-AI publications have a predominant focus on lesion segmentation and a minor focus on classification and progression analysis. AI could be applied to other facets of GA diagnoses, such as understanding the role of hyperfluorescent areas in GA. Using AI for GA has several advantages, including improved diagnostic accuracy and faster processing speeds. Translational Relevance: AI can be used to quantify GA lesions and therefore allows one to impute visual function and quality-of-life. However, there is a need for the development of reliable and objective models and software to predict the rate of GA progression and to quantify improvements due to interventions.

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