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    Controlled elevated temperatures during early-mid gestation cause placental insufficiency and implications for fetal growth in pregnant pigs.

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    Author
    Zhao, W; Liu, F; Bell, AW; Le, HH; Cottrell, JJ; Leury, BJ; Green, MP; Dunshea, FR
    Date
    2020-11-26
    Source Title
    Scientific Reports
    Publisher
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Dunshea, Frank; Leury, Brian; Cottrell, Jeremy; Green, Mark
    Affiliation
    Agriculture and Food Systems
    School of BioSciences
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Zhao, W., Liu, F., Bell, A. W., Le, H. H., Cottrell, J. J., Leury, B. J., Green, M. P. & Dunshea, F. R. (2020). Controlled elevated temperatures during early-mid gestation cause placental insufficiency and implications for fetal growth in pregnant pigs.. Sci Rep, 10 (1), pp.20677-. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77647-1.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/253056
    DOI
    10.1038/s41598-020-77647-1
    Open Access at PMC
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7691357
    Abstract
    It is known that pig offspring born from pregnant pigs exposed to elevated ambient temperatures during gestation have altered phenotypes, possibly due to placental insufficiency and impaired fetal growth. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify the effect of maternal heat exposure during early-mid gestation, when pig placentae grow heavily, on placental and fetal development. Fifteen pregnant pigs were allocated to thermoneutral (TN; 20 °C; n = 7) or cyclic elevated temperature conditions (ET; 28 to 33 °C; n = 8) from d40 to d60 of gestation. Following euthanasia of the pigs on d60, placental and fetal morphometry and biochemistry were measured. Compared to TN fetuses, ET fetuses had increased (P = 0.041) placental weights and a lower (P = 0.013) placental efficiency (fetal/placental weight), although fetal weights were not significantly different. Fetuses from ET pigs had reduced (P = 0.032) M. longissimus fibre number density and a thicker (P = 0.017) placental epithelial layer compared to their TN counterparts. Elevated temperatures decreased (P = 0.026) placental mRNA expression of a glucose transporter (GLUT-3) and increased (P = 0.037) placental IGF-2 mRNA expression. In conclusion, controlled elevated temperatures between d40 to d60 of gestation reduced pig placental efficiency, resulting in compensatory growth of the placentae to maintain fetal development. Placental insufficiency during early-mid gestation may have implications for fetal development, possibly causing a long-term phenotypic change of the progeny.

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