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    Ultraviolet Irradiation of Skin Alters the Faecal Microbiome Independently of Vitamin D in Mice

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    Author
    Ghaly, S; Kaakoush, NO; Lloyd, F; Gordon, L; Forest, C; Lawrance, IC; Hart, PH
    Date
    2018-08-01
    Source Title
    Nutrients
    Publisher
    MDPI
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Gordon, Lavinia
    Affiliation
    Clinical Pathology
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Ghaly, S., Kaakoush, N. O., Lloyd, F., Gordon, L., Forest, C., Lawrance, I. C. & Hart, P. H. (2018). Ultraviolet Irradiation of Skin Alters the Faecal Microbiome Independently of Vitamin D in Mice. NUTRIENTS, 10 (8), https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10081069.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/253160
    DOI
    10.3390/nu10081069
    Abstract
    Reduced sunlight exposure has been associated with an increased incidence of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The effect of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the faecal microbiome and susceptibility to colitis has not been explored. C57Bl/6 female mice were fed three different vitamin D-containing diets for 24 days before half of the mice in each group were UV-irradiated (1 kJ/m²) for each of four days, followed by twice-weekly irradiation of shaved dorsal skin for 35 days. Faecal DNA was extracted and high-throughput sequencing of the 16S RNA gene performed. UV irradiation of skin was associated with a significant change in the beta-diversity of faeces compared to nonirradiated mice, independently of vitamin D. Specifically, members of phylum Firmicutes, including Coprococcus, were enriched, whereas members of phylum Bacteroidetes, such as Bacteroidales, were depleted. Expression of colonic CYP27B1 increased by four-fold and IL1β decreased by five-fold, suggesting a UVR-induced anti-inflammatory effect. UV-irradiated mice, however, were not protected against colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), although distinct faecal microbiome differences were documented post-DSS between UV-irradiated and nonirradiated mice. Thus, skin exposure to UVR alters the faecal microbiome, and further investigations to explore the implications of this in health and disease are warranted.

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