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    Prevalence and causes of vision loss in high-income countries and in Eastern and Central Europe in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections

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    Author
    Bourne, RRA; Jonas, JB; Bron, AM; Cicinelli, MV; Das, A; Flaxman, SR; Friedman, DS; Keeffe, JE; Kempen, JH; Leasher, J; ...
    Date
    2018-05-01
    Source Title
    British Journal of Ophthalmology
    Publisher
    BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Taylor, Hugh; Wong, Tien; Keeffe, Jill
    Affiliation
    Melbourne School of Population and Global Health
    Ophthalmology (Eye & Ear Hospital)
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Bourne, R. R. A., Jonas, J. B., Bron, A. M., Cicinelli, M. V., Das, A., Flaxman, S. R., Friedman, D. S., Keeffe, J. E., Kempen, J. H., Leasher, J., Limburg, H., Naidoo, K., Pesudovs, K., Peto, T., Saadine, J., Silvester, A. J., Tahhan, N., Taylor, H. R., Varma, R. ,... Resnikoff, S. (2018). Prevalence and causes of vision loss in high-income countries and in Eastern and Central Europe in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections. BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY, 102 (5), pp.575-585. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311258.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/253404
    DOI
    10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311258
    Abstract
    BACKGROUND: Within a surveillance of the prevalence and causes of vision impairment in high-income regions and Central/Eastern Europe, we update figures through 2015 and forecast expected values in 2020. METHODS: Based on a systematic review of medical literature, prevalence of blindness, moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI), mild vision impairment and presbyopia was estimated for 1990, 2010, 2015, and 2020. RESULTS: Age-standardised prevalence of blindness and MSVI for all ages decreased from 1990 to 2015 from 0.26% (0.10-0.46) to 0.15% (0.06-0.26) and from 1.74% (0.76-2.94) to 1.27% (0.55-2.17), respectively. In 2015, the number of individuals affected by blindness, MSVI and mild vision impairment ranged from 70 000, 630 000 and 610 000, respectively, in Australasia to 980 000, 7.46 million and 7.25 million, respectively, in North America and 1.16 million, 9.61 million and 9.47 million, respectively, in Western Europe. In 2015, cataract was the most common cause for blindness, followed by age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, uncorrected refractive error, diabetic retinopathy and cornea-related disorders, with declining burden from cataract and AMD over time. Uncorrected refractive error was the leading cause of MSVI. CONCLUSIONS: While continuing to advance control of cataract and AMD as the leading causes of blindness remains a high priority, overcoming barriers to uptake of refractive error services would address approximately half of the MSVI burden. New data on burden of presbyopia identify this entity as an important public health problem in this population. Additional research on better treatments, better implementation with existing tools and ongoing surveillance of the problem is needed.

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