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    Cord Blood CD8(+) T Cells Have a Natural Propensity to Express IL-4 in a Fatty Acid Metabolism and Caspase Activation-Dependent Manner

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    Author
    Zhang, Y; Maksimovic, J; Huang, B; De Souza, DP; Naselli, G; Chen, H; Zhang, L; Weng, K; Liang, H; Xu, Y; ...
    Date
    2018-04-25
    Source Title
    Frontiers in Immunology
    Publisher
    FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Maksimovic, Jovana; de Souza, David; Huntington, Nicholas; Oshlack, Alicia; Kallies, Axel; Harrison, Leonard; Zhang, Yuxia; Xu, Yanhui; Wentworth, John; Vuillermin, Peter
    Affiliation
    Paediatrics (RCH)
    Bio21
    Microbiology and Immunology
    Medical Education
    Medical Biology (W.E.H.I.)
    School of Physics
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Zhang, Y., Maksimovic, J., Huang, B., De Souza, D. P., Naselli, G., Chen, H., Zhang, L., Weng, K., Liang, H., Xu, Y., Wentworth, J. M., Huntington, N. D., Oshlack, A., Gong, S., Kallies, A., Vuillermin, P., Yang, M. & Harrison, L. C. (2018). Cord Blood CD8(+) T Cells Have a Natural Propensity to Express IL-4 in a Fatty Acid Metabolism and Caspase Activation-Dependent Manner. FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY, 9 (APR), https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00879.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/253732
    DOI
    10.3389/fimmu.2018.00879
    Abstract
    How T cells differentiate in the neonate may critically determine the ability of the infant to cope with infections, respond to vaccines and avert allergies. Previously, we found that naïve cord blood CD4+ T cells differentiated toward an IL-4-expressing phenotype when activated in the presence of TGF-β and monocyte-derived inflammatory cytokines, the latter are more highly secreted by infants who developed food allergy. Here, we show that in the absence of IL-2 or IL-12, naïve cord blood CD8+ T cells have a natural propensity to differentiate into IL-4-producing non-classic TC2 cells when they are activated alone, or in the presence of TGF-β and/or inflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, non-classic TC2 development is associated with decreased expression of IL-2 receptor alpha (CD25) and glycolysis, and increased fatty acid metabolism and caspase-dependent cell death. Consequently, the short chain fatty acid, sodium propionate (NaPo), enhanced IL-4 expression, but exogenous IL-2 or pan-caspase inhibition prevented IL-4 expression. In children with endoscopically and histologically confirmed non-inflammatory bowel disease and non-infectious pediatric idiopathic colitis, the presence of TGF-β, NaPo, and IL-1β or TNF-α promoted TC2 differentiation in vitro. In vivo, colonic mucosa of children with colitis had significantly increased expression of IL-4 in CD8+ T cells compared with controls. In addition, activated caspase-3 and IL-4 were co-expressed in CD8+ T cells in the colonic mucosa of children with colitis. Thus, in the context of colonic inflammation and limited IL-2 signaling, CD8+ T cells differentiate into non-classic TC2 that may contribute to the pathology of inflammatory/allergic diseases in children.

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