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    The combined impact of dependency on caregivers, disability, and coping strategy on quality of life after ischemic stroke

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    Author
    Dewilde, S; Annemans, L; Lloyd, A; Peeters, A; Hemelsoet, D; Vandermeeren, Y; Desfontaines, P; Brouns, R; Vanhooren, G; Cras, P; ...
    Date
    2019-02-07
    Source Title
    Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
    Publisher
    BMC
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Thijs, Vincent
    Affiliation
    Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Dewilde, S., Annemans, L., Lloyd, A., Peeters, A., Hemelsoet, D., Vandermeeren, Y., Desfontaines, P., Brouns, R., Vanhooren, G., Cras, P., Michielsens, B., Redondo, P. & Thijs, V. (2019). The combined impact of dependency on caregivers, disability, and coping strategy on quality of life after ischemic stroke. HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE OUTCOMES, 17 (1), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-018-1069-6.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/253785
    DOI
    10.1186/s12955-018-1069-6
    Abstract
    BACKGROUND: To estimate the additional impact of coping and of being dependent on caregivers, over and above the large effects of disability on utility after ischemic stroke. METHODS: A total of 539 patients were recruited into an observational, retrospective study when returning for a check-up between 3 and 36 months after an ischemic stroke. Patients' modified Rankin Scale (mRS), dependency on caregivers, the Brandtstädter and Renner Coping questionnaire (with summary scores: Tenacity of Goal Pursuit (TGP) and Flexible Goal Adjustment (FGA) coping styles), EQ-5D-3 L and co-morbidities were evaluated. RESULTS: In multivariable regression, greater disability (mRS) resulted in large utility losses, between 0.06 for mRS 1 to 0.65 for mRS 5 (p < 0.0001). Dependency on caregivers caused an additional dis-utility of 0.104 (p = 0.0006) which varied by mRS (0.044, 0.060, 0.083, 0.115, 0.150 and 0.173 for mRS 0-5). The effect of coping on utility varied by coping style, by the disability level of the patient and by his or her dependency on caregivers. FGA coping was associated with additional increases in utility (p < 0.0001) over and above the effect of disability and dependency, whereas TGA had no significant impact. FGA coping was associated with larger utility changes among more disabled patients (0.018 to 0.105 additional utility, for mRS 0 to mRS 5 respectively). Dependent patients had more to gain from FGA coping than patients who function independently of caregivers: utility gains were between 0.049 and 0.072 for moderate to high levels of FGA coping. In contrast, the same positive evolution in FGA coping resulted in 0.039 and 0.057 utility gain among independent patients. Finally, we found that important stroke risk factors and co-morbidities, such as diabetes and atrial fibrillation, were not predictors of EQ-5D utility in a multivariable setting. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that treatment strategies targeting flexible coping styles and decreasing dependency on caregivers may lead to significant gains in quality of life above and beyond treatment strategies that solely target disability.

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