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    An appraisal of oriental theileriosis and the Theileria orientalis complex, with an emphasis on diagnosis and genetic characterisation

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    Author
    Gebrekidan, H; Perera, PK; Ghafar, A; Abbas, T; Gasser, RB; Jabbar, A
    Date
    2020-01-01
    Source Title
    Parasitology Research
    Publisher
    SPRINGER
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Jabbar, Abdul; Gasser, Robin; Ghafar, Abdul; Ghafar, Abdul
    Affiliation
    Veterinary Biosciences
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Gebrekidan, H., Perera, P. K., Ghafar, A., Abbas, T., Gasser, R. B. & Jabbar, A. (2020). An appraisal of oriental theileriosis and the Theileria orientalis complex, with an emphasis on diagnosis and genetic characterisation. PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH, 119 (1), pp.11-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-019-06557-7.
    Access Status
    Access this item via the Open Access location
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/254443
    DOI
    10.1007/s00436-019-06557-7
    Open Access URL
    https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC7223495?pdf=render
    Abstract
    Oriental theileriosis, a tick-borne disease of bovids caused by members of the Theileria orientalis complex, has a worldwide distribution. Globally, at least 11 distinct genotypes of T. orientalis complex, including type 1 (chitose), type 2 (ikeda), type 3 (buffeli), types 4 to 8, and N1-N3, have been described based on the sequence of the major piroplasm surface protein (MPSP) gene. Of these 11 genotypes, mainly ikeda and chitose are known to be pathogenic and cause considerable morbidity (including high fever, anaemia, jaundice and abortion), production losses and/or mortality in cattle. Mixed infections with two or more genotypes of T. orientalis is common, but do not always lead to a clinical disease, posing challenges in the diagnosis of asymptomatic or subclinical forms of oriental theileriosis. The diagnosis of oriental theileriosis is usually based on clinical signs, the detection of piroplasms of T. orientalis in blood smears, and/or the use of serological or molecular techniques. This paper reviews current methods used for the diagnosis of T. orientalis infections and the genetic characterisation of members of the T. orientalis complex, and proposes that advanced genomic tools should be established for investigations of these and related haemoparasites.

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