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    Effects of risk for bipolar disorder on brain function: A twin and family study.

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    Author
    Sugihara, G; Kane, F; Picchioni, MM; Chaddock, CA; Kravariti, E; Kalidindi, S; Rijsdijk, F; Toulopoulou, T; Curtis, VA; McDonald, C; ...
    Date
    2017-05
    Source Title
    European Neuropsychopharmacology
    Publisher
    Elsevier BV
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Murray, Robin
    Affiliation
    Medical Education
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Sugihara, G., Kane, F., Picchioni, M. M., Chaddock, C. A., Kravariti, E., Kalidindi, S., Rijsdijk, F., Toulopoulou, T., Curtis, V. A., McDonald, C., Murray, R. M. & McGuire, P. (2017). Effects of risk for bipolar disorder on brain function: A twin and family study.. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 27 (5), pp.494-503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.03.001.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/255212
    DOI
    10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.03.001
    Open Access at PMC
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5446324
    Abstract
    Bipolar disorder (BPD) is associated with altered regional brain function during the performance of cognitive tasks. The relative contribution of genetic and environmental risk factors for BPD to these changes has not yet been quantified. We sought to address this issue in a functional neuroimaging study of people who varied in their risk for BPD. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to study 124 subjects (29 twin and 9 sibling pairs with at least one member with BPD, and 24 healthy twin pairs) performing a working memory task. We assessed the influence of risk for BPD on regional brain function during the task in a two stage process. Firstly, we identified areas where there were group differences in activation. Secondly, we estimated the heritability and phenotypic correlation of activation and BPD using genetic modeling. BPD was associated with increased activation in the anterior cingulate, orbitofrontal, medial prefrontal, and left precentral cortices, and in the precuneus. Within these regions, activation in the orbitofrontal cortex rendered the most significant heritability estimate (h2=0.40), and was significantly correlated with BPD phenotype (rph=0.29). A moderate proportion of the genetic influences (rg=0.69) acting on both BPD and on the degree of orbitofrontal activation were shared. These findings suggest that genetic factors that confer vulnerability to BPD alter brain function in BPD.

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