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    Gefitinib and Methotrexate to Treat Ectopic Pregnancies with a Pre-Treatment Serum hCG 1000-10,000 IU/L: Phase II Open Labe Single Arm Multi-Centre Trial

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    Author
    Skubisz, MM; Tong, S; Doust, A; Mollison, J; Johns, TG; Neil, P; Robinson, M; Bhattacharya, S; Wallace, E; Krzys, N; ...
    Date
    2018-07-01
    Source Title
    EBioMedicine
    Publisher
    ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Tong, Stephen; Skubisz, Monika
    Affiliation
    Obstetrics and Gynaecology
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Skubisz, M. M., Tong, S., Doust, A., Mollison, J., Johns, T. G., Neil, P., Robinson, M., Bhattacharya, S., Wallace, E., Krzys, N., Duncan, W. C. & Horne, A. W. (2018). Gefitinib and Methotrexate to Treat Ectopic Pregnancies with a Pre-Treatment Serum hCG 1000-10,000 IU/L: Phase II Open Labe Single Arm Multi-Centre Trial. EBIOMEDICINE, 33, pp.276-281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.06.017.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/255258
    DOI
    10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.06.017
    Abstract
    BACKGROUND: Ectopic pregnancies are a leading cause of maternal mortality. Most are treated surgically. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of combining oral gefitinib (epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor) with methotrexate to treat larger ectopic pregnancies. METHODS: We performed a phase II, single arm, open label study across four hospitals in Edinburgh and Melbourne. We recruited women with a stable tubal ectopic pregnancy and a pre-treatment serum hCG between 1000 and 10,000 IU/L. We administered intramuscular methotrexate (50 mg/m2) once, and oral gefitinib (250 mg) for seven days. The primary outcome was the percentage successfully treated without needing surgery. To show the treatment is at least 70% effective, 28 participants were required, and 24 or more successfully treated without surgery. Secondary outcomes were safety, tolerability, and time to resolution. This study is registered (ACTRN12611001056987). FINDINGS: 30 participants with stable tubal ectopic pregnancies were recruited but two withdrew, leaving 28 participants. The median (± range) pre-treatment serum hCG was 2039 (1031-8575) IU/L and nine had pre-treatment hCGs levels >3000 IU/L. The treatment successfully resolved 86% (24/28) cases with a median (±range) time to resolution of 32 (18-67) days. The treatment caused transient rash and diarrhoea, but no serious adverse events. INTERPRETATION: Combination gefitinib and methotrexate is at least 70% effective in resolving ectopic pregnancies with a pre-treatment serum hCG 1000-10,000 IU/L. This may be a new way to treat most stable ectopic pregnancies, but needs to be validated via a randomised clinical trial.

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