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    Ischemic core thresholds change with time to reperfusion: A case control study

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    Author
    Bivard, A; Kleinig, T; Miteff, F; Butcher, K; Lin, L; Levi, C; Parsons, M
    Date
    2017-12-01
    Source Title
    Annals of Neurology
    Publisher
    WILEY
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Bivard, Andrew; Parsons, Mark
    Affiliation
    Medicine and Radiology
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Bivard, A., Kleinig, T., Miteff, F., Butcher, K., Lin, L., Levi, C. & Parsons, M. (2017). Ischemic core thresholds change with time to reperfusion: A case control study. ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY, 82 (6), pp.995-1003. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.25109.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/255580
    DOI
    10.1002/ana.25109
    Abstract
    INTRODUCTION: We aimed to identify whether acute ischemic stroke patients with known complete reperfusion after thrombectomy had the same baseline computed tomography perfusion (CTP) ischemic core threshold to predict infarction as thrombolysis patients with complete reperfusion. METHODS: Patients who underwent thrombectomy were matched by age, clinical severity, occlusion location, and baseline perfusion lesion volume to patients who were treated with intravenous alteplase alone from the International Stroke Perfusion Imaging Registry. A pixel-based analysis of coregistered pretreatment CTP and 24-hour diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was then undertaken to define the optimum CTP thresholds for the ischemic core. RESULTS: There were 132 eligible thrombectomy patients and 132 matched controls treated with alteplase alone. Baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (median, 15; interquartile range [IQR], 11-19), age (median, 65; IQR, 59-80), and time to intravenous treatment (median, 153 minutes; IQR, 82-315) were well matched (all p > 0.05). Despite similar baseline CTP ischemic core volumes using the previously validated measure (relative cerebral blood flow [rCBF], <30%), thrombectomy patients had a smaller median 24-hour infarct core of 17.3ml (IQR, 11.3-32.8) versus 24.3ml (IQR, 16.7-42.2; p = 0.011) in alteplase-treated controls. As a result, the optimal threshold to define the ischemic core in thrombectomy patients was rCBF <20% (area under the curve [AUC], 0.89; 95% CI, 0.84, 0.94), whereas in alteplase controls the optimal ischemic core threshold remained rCBF <30% (AUC, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.77, 0.85). INTERPRETATION: Thrombectomy salvaged tissue with lower CBF, likely attributed to earlier reperfusion. For patients who achieve rapid reperfusion, a stricter rCBF threshold to estimate the ischemic core should be considered. Ann Neurol 2017;82:995-1003.

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