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    Taking Advantage of Nature's Gift: Can Endogenous Neural Stem Cells Improve Myelin Regeneration?

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    Author
    Akkermann, R; Jadasz, JJ; Azim, K; Küry, P
    Date
    2016-11-14
    Source Title
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences
    Publisher
    MDPI AG
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    AKKERMANN, RAINER
    Affiliation
    Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Akkermann, R., Jadasz, J. J., Azim, K. & Küry, P. (2016). Taking Advantage of Nature's Gift: Can Endogenous Neural Stem Cells Improve Myelin Regeneration?. Int J Mol Sci, 17 (11), pp.1895-1895. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17111895.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/255671
    DOI
    10.3390/ijms17111895
    Open Access at PMC
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5133894
    Abstract
    Irreversible functional deficits in multiple sclerosis (MS) are directly correlated to axonal damage and loss. Neurodegeneration results from immune-mediated destruction of myelin sheaths and subsequent axonal demyelination. Importantly, oligodendrocytes, the myelinating glial cells of the central nervous system, can be replaced to some extent to generate new myelin sheaths. This endogenous regeneration capacity has so far mainly been attributed to the activation and recruitment of resident oligodendroglial precursor cells. As this self-repair process is limited and increasingly fails while MS progresses, much interest has evolved regarding the development of remyelination-promoting strategies and the presence of alternative cell types, which can also contribute to the restoration of myelin sheaths. The adult brain comprises at least two neurogenic niches harboring life-long adult neural stem cells (NSCs). An increasing number of investigations are beginning to shed light on these cells under pathological conditions and revealed a significant potential of NSCs to contribute to myelin repair activities. In this review, these emerging investigations are discussed with respect to the importance of stimulating endogenous repair mechanisms from germinal sources. Moreover, we present key findings of NSC-derived oligodendroglial progeny, including a comprehensive overview of factors and mechanisms involved in this process.

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