Epigenetic supersimilarity of monozygotic twin pairs

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Van Baak, TE; Coarfa, C; Dugue, P-A; Fiorito, G; Laritsky, E; Baker, MS; Kessler, NJ; Dong, J; Duryea, JD; Silver, MJ; ...Date
2018-01-09Source Title
Genome BiologyPublisher
BMCUniversity of Melbourne Author/s
Severi, Gianluca; Southey, Melissa; Giles, Graham; Dugue, Pierre-Antoine; Hopper, John; Milne, RogerAffiliation
Melbourne School of Population and Global HealthClinical Pathology
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Journal ArticleCitations
Van Baak, T. E., Coarfa, C., Dugue, P. -A., Fiorito, G., Laritsky, E., Baker, M. S., Kessler, N. J., Dong, J., Duryea, J. D., Silver, M. J., Saffari, A., Prentice, A. M., Moore, S. E., Ghantous, A., Routledge, M. N., Gong, Y. Y., Herceg, Z., Vineis, P., Severi, G. ,... Waterland, R. A. (2018). Epigenetic supersimilarity of monozygotic twin pairs. GENOME BIOLOGY, 19 (1), https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-017-1374-0.Access Status
Open AccessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Monozygotic twins have long been studied to estimate heritability and explore epigenetic influences on phenotypic variation. The phenotypic and epigenetic similarities of monozygotic twins have been assumed to be largely due to their genetic identity. RESULTS: Here, by analyzing data from a genome-scale study of DNA methylation in monozygotic and dizygotic twins, we identified genomic regions at which the epigenetic similarity of monozygotic twins is substantially greater than can be explained by their genetic identity. This "epigenetic supersimilarity" apparently results from locus-specific establishment of epigenotype prior to embryo cleavage during twinning. Epigenetically supersimilar loci exhibit systemic interindividual epigenetic variation and plasticity to periconceptional environment and are enriched in sub-telomeric regions. In case-control studies nested in a prospective cohort, blood DNA methylation at these loci years before diagnosis is associated with risk of developing several types of cancer. CONCLUSIONS: These results establish a link between early embryonic epigenetic development and adult disease. More broadly, epigenetic supersimilarity is a previously unrecognized phenomenon that may contribute to the phenotypic similarity of monozygotic twins.
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