Developing the Symptoms and Functional Impairment Rating Scale: A Multi-Dimensional ADHD Scale

Abstract

Objective: This research developed a practical, multi-dimensional attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) rating scale (i.e., the Symptoms and Functional Impairment Rating Scale, SFIRS) for Chinese children, aged 6-12 years, with ADHD. Methods: The structural validity, criterion validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability of the scale were evaluated. Item screening was conducted with 412 ADHD patients and 322 developmentally typical controls. Results: The scale includes 44 items, divided among Hyperactivity-Impulsivity, Self-Control, Inattention, Self-Management, Academic Performance, and Social Interaction. The six-factor model showed good data fit, with each factor significantly correlated with its corresponding criterion (r=0.690-0.841). The Cronbach's α of the full scale was 0.976. Total score test-retest reliability was r=0.816 (p<0.01). Conclusion: The SFIRS thus demonstrated good reliability and validity and may be used to assess ADHD among children aged 6-12 years in China.