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    Geographical distributions of African malaria vector sibling species and evidence for insecticide resistance

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    Author
    Wiebe, A; Longbottom, J; Gleave, K; Shearer, FM; Sinka, ME; Massey, NC; Cameron, E; Bhatt, S; Gething, PW; Hemingway, J; ...
    Date
    2017-02-20
    Source Title
    Malaria Journal
    Publisher
    BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Shearer, Freya
    Affiliation
    Melbourne School of Population and Global Health
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Wiebe, A., Longbottom, J., Gleave, K., Shearer, F. M., Sinka, M. E., Massey, N. C., Cameron, E., Bhatt, S., Gething, P. W., Hemingway, J., Smith, D. L., Coleman, M. & Moyes, C. L. (2017). Geographical distributions of African malaria vector sibling species and evidence for insecticide resistance. MALARIA JOURNAL, 16 (1), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1734-y.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/256179
    DOI
    10.1186/s12936-017-1734-y
    Open Access at PMC
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5319841
    Abstract
    BACKGROUND: Many of the mosquito species responsible for malaria transmission belong to a sibling complex; a taxonomic group of morphologically identical, closely related species. Sibling species often differ in several important factors that have the potential to impact malaria control, including their geographical distribution, resistance to insecticides, biting and resting locations, and host preference. The aim of this study was to define the geographical distributions of dominant malaria vector sibling species in Africa so these distributions can be coupled with data on key factors such as insecticide resistance to aid more focussed, species-selective vector control. RESULTS: Within the Anopheles gambiae species complex and the Anopheles funestus subgroup, predicted geographical distributions for Anopheles coluzzii, An. gambiae (as now defined) and An. funestus (distinct from the subgroup) have been produced for the first time. Improved predicted geographical distributions for Anopheles arabiensis, Anopheles melas and Anopheles merus have been generated based on records that were confirmed using molecular identification methods and a model that addresses issues of sampling bias and past changes to the environment. The data available for insecticide resistance has been evaluated and differences between sibling species are apparent although further analysis is required to elucidate trends in resistance. CONCLUSIONS: Sibling species display important variability in their geographical distributions and the most important malaria vector sibling species in Africa have been mapped here for the first time. This will allow geographical occurrence data to be coupled with species-specific data on important factors for vector control including insecticide resistance. Species-specific data on insecticide resistance is available for the most important malaria vectors in Africa, namely An. arabiensis, An. coluzzii, An. gambiae and An. funestus. Future work to combine these data with the geographical distributions mapped here will allow more focussed and resource-efficient vector control and provide information to greatly improve and inform existing malaria transmission models.

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