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    Targeting Activated Platelets: A Unique and Potentially Universal Approach for Cancer Imaging

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    Author
    Yap, ML; McFadyen, JD; Wang, X; Zia, NA; Hohmann, JD; Ziegler, M; Yao, Y; Pham, A; Harris, M; Donnelly, PS; ...
    Date
    2017-01-01
    Source Title
    Theranostics
    Publisher
    IVYSPRING INT PUBL
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Donnelly, Paul; Hogarth, Phillip; Wang, Xiaowei; Peter, Karlheinz
    Affiliation
    School of Chemistry
    Clinical Pathology
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Yap, M. L., McFadyen, J. D., Wang, X., Zia, N. A., Hohmann, J. D., Ziegler, M., Yao, Y., Pham, A., Harris, M., Donnelly, P. S., Hogarth, P. M., Pietersz, G. A., Lim, B. & Peter, K. (2017). Targeting Activated Platelets: A Unique and Potentially Universal Approach for Cancer Imaging. THERANOSTICS, 7 (10), pp.2565-2574. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.19900.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/256378
    DOI
    10.7150/thno.19900
    Abstract
    Rationale The early detection of primary tumours and metastatic disease is vital for successful therapy and is contingent upon highly specific molecular markers and sensitive, non-invasive imaging techniques. We hypothesized that the accumulation of activated platelets within tumours is a general phenomenon and thus represents a novel means for the molecular imaging of cancer. Here we investigate a unique single chain antibody (scFv), which specifically targets activated platelets, as a novel biotechnological tool for molecular imaging of cancer. Methods The scFvGPIIb/IIIa, which binds specifically to the activated form of the platelet integrin receptor GPIIb/IIIa present on activated platelets, was conjugated to either Cy7, 64Cu or ultrasound-enhancing microbubbles. Using the Cy7 labelled scFvGPIIb/IIIa, fluorescence imaging was performed in mice bearing four different human tumour xenograft models; SKBr3, MDA-MB-231, Ramos and HT-1080 cells. Molecular imaging via PET and ultrasound was performed using the scFvGPIIb/IIIa-64Cu and scFvGPIIb/IIIa-microbubbles, respectively, to further confirm specific targeting of scFvGPIIb/IIIa to activated platelets in the tumour stroma. Results Using scFvGPIIb/IIIa we successfully showed specific targeting of activated platelets within the microenvironment of human tumour xenografts models via three different molecular imaging modalities. The presence of platelets within the tumour microenvironment, and as such their relevance as a molecular target epitope in cancer was further confirmed via immunofluorescence of human tumour sections of various cancer types, thus validating the translational importance of our novel approach to human disease. Conclusion Our study provides proof of concept for imaging and localization of tumours by molecular targeting activated platelets. We illustrate the utility of a unique scFv as a versatile biotechnological tool which can be conjugated to various contrast agents for molecular imaging of cancer using three different imaging modalities. These findings warrant further development of this activated platelet specific scFvGPIIb/IIIa, potentially as a universal marker for cancer diagnosis and ultimately for drug delivery in an innovative theranostic approach.

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