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    An appraisal of analytical tools used in predicting clinical outcomes following radiation therapy treatment of men with prostate cancer: a systematic review.

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    Author
    Raymond, E; O'Callaghan, ME; Campbell, J; Vincent, AD; Beckmann, K; Roder, D; Evans, S; McNeil, J; Millar, J; Zalcberg, J; ...
    Date
    2017-03-21
    Source Title
    Radiation Oncology
    Publisher
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Zalcberg, John
    Affiliation
    Medicine and Radiology
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Raymond, E., O'Callaghan, M. E., Campbell, J., Vincent, A. D., Beckmann, K., Roder, D., Evans, S., McNeil, J., Millar, J., Zalcberg, J., Borg, M. & Moretti, K. (2017). An appraisal of analytical tools used in predicting clinical outcomes following radiation therapy treatment of men with prostate cancer: a systematic review.. Radiat Oncol, 12 (1), pp.56-. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13014-017-0786-z.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/257271
    DOI
    10.1186/s13014-017-0786-z
    Open Access at PMC
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5359887
    Abstract
    BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer can be treated with several different modalities, including radiation treatment. Various prognostic tools have been developed to aid decision making by providing estimates of the probability of different outcomes. Such tools have been demonstrated to have better prognostic accuracy than clinical judgment alone. METHODS: A systematic review was undertaken to identify papers relating to the prediction of clinical outcomes (biochemical failure, metastasis, survival) in patients with prostate cancer who received radiation treatment, with the particular aim of identifying whether published tools are adequately developed, validated, and provide accurate predictions. PubMed and EMBASE were searched from July 2007. Title and abstract screening, full text review, and critical appraisal were conducted by two reviewers. A review protocol was published in advance of commencing literature searches. RESULTS: The search strategy resulted in 165 potential articles, of which 72 were selected for full text review and 47 ultimately included. These papers described 66 models which were newly developed and 31 which were external validations of already published predictive tools. The included studies represented a total of 60,457 patients, recruited between 1984 and 2009. Sixty five percent of models were not externally validated, 57% did not report accuracy and 31% included variables which are not readily accessible in existing datasets. Most models (72, 74%) related to external beam radiation therapy with the remainder relating to brachytherapy (alone or in combination with external beam radiation therapy). CONCLUSIONS: A large number of prognostic models (97) have been described in the recent literature, representing a rapid increase since previous reviews (17 papers, 1966-2007). Most models described were not validated and a third utilised variables which are not readily accessible in existing data collections. Where validation had occurred, it was often limited to data taken from single institutes in the US. While validated and accurate models are available to predict prostate cancer specific mortality following external beam radiation therapy, there is a scarcity of such tools relating to brachytherapy. This review provides an accessible catalogue of predictive tools for current use and which should be prioritised for future validation.

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