Sequencing of Australian wild rice genomes reveals ancestral relationships with domesticated rice.

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Brozynska, M; Copetti, D; Furtado, A; Wing, RA; Crayn, D; Fox, G; Ishikawa, R; Henry, RJDate
2017-06Source Title
Plant Biotechnology JournalPublisher
WileyUniversity of Melbourne Author/s
BROZYNSKA, MARTAAffiliation
School of BioSciencesMetadata
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Brozynska, M., Copetti, D., Furtado, A., Wing, R. A., Crayn, D., Fox, G., Ishikawa, R. & Henry, R. J. (2017). Sequencing of Australian wild rice genomes reveals ancestral relationships with domesticated rice.. Plant Biotechnol J, 15 (6), pp.765-774. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12674.Access Status
Open AccessOpen Access at PMC
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5425390Abstract
The related A genome species of the Oryza genus are the effective gene pool for rice. Here, we report draft genomes for two Australian wild A genome taxa: O. rufipogon-like population, referred to as Taxon A, and O. meridionalis-like population, referred to as Taxon B. These two taxa were sequenced and assembled by integration of short- and long-read next-generation sequencing (NGS) data to create a genomic platform for a wider rice gene pool. Here, we report that, despite the distinct chloroplast genome, the nuclear genome of the Australian Taxon A has a sequence that is much closer to that of domesticated rice (O. sativa) than to the other Australian wild populations. Analysis of 4643 genes in the A genome clade showed that the Australian annual, O. meridionalis, and related perennial taxa have the most divergent (around 3 million years) genome sequences relative to domesticated rice. A test for admixture showed possible introgression into the Australian Taxon A (diverged around 1.6 million years ago) especially from the wild indica/O. nivara clade in Asia. These results demonstrate that northern Australia may be the centre of diversity of the A genome Oryza and suggest the possibility that this might also be the centre of origin of this group and represent an important resource for rice improvement.
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