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    Emerging Therapies and Challenges in Spinal Muscular Atrophy

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    Author
    Farrar, MA; Park, SB; Vucic, S; Carey, KA; Turner, BJ; Gillingwater, TH; Swoboda, KJ; Kiernan, MC
    Date
    2017-03-01
    Source Title
    Annals of Neurology
    Publisher
    WILEY
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Turner, Bradley
    Affiliation
    Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Farrar, M. A., Park, S. B., Vucic, S., Carey, K. A., Turner, B. J., Gillingwater, T. H., Swoboda, K. J. & Kiernan, M. C. (2017). Emerging Therapies and Challenges in Spinal Muscular Atrophy. ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY, 81 (3), pp.355-368. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.24864.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/257994
    DOI
    10.1002/ana.24864
    Abstract
    Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a hereditary neurodegenerative disease with severity ranging from progressive infantile paralysis and premature death (type I) to limited motor neuron loss and normal life expectancy (type IV). Without disease-modifying therapies, the impact is profound for patients and their families. Improved understanding of the molecular basis of SMA, disease pathogenesis, natural history, and recognition of the impact of standardized care on outcomes has yielded progress toward the development of novel therapeutic strategies and are summarized. Therapeutic strategies in the pipeline are appraised, ranging from SMN1 gene replacement to modulation of SMN2 encoded transcripts, to neuroprotection, to an expanding repertoire of peripheral targets, including muscle. With the advent of preliminary trial data, it can be reasonably anticipated that the SMA treatment landscape will transform significantly. Advancement in presymptomatic diagnosis and screening programs will be critical, with pilot newborn screening studies underway to facilitate preclinical diagnosis. The development of disease-modifying therapies will necessitate monitoring programs to determine the long-term impact, careful evaluation of combined treatments, and further acceleration of improvements in supportive care. In advance of upcoming clinical trial results, we consider the challenges and controversies related to the implementation of novel therapies for all patients and set the scene as the field prepares to enter an era of novel therapies. Ann Neurol 2017;81:355-368.

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