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    Species boundaries in plant pathogenic fungi: a Colletotrichum case study

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    Author
    Liu, F; Wang, M; Damm, U; Crous, PW; Cai, L
    Date
    2016-04-14
    Source Title
    BMC Evolutionary Biology
    Publisher
    BMC
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    CROUS, PIETER
    Affiliation
    Agriculture and Food Systems
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Liu, F., Wang, M., Damm, U., Crous, P. W. & Cai, L. (2016). Species boundaries in plant pathogenic fungi: a Colletotrichum case study. BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY, 16 (1), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12862-016-0649-5.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/258174
    DOI
    10.1186/s12862-016-0649-5
    Abstract
    BACKGROUND: Accurate delimitation of plant pathogenic fungi is critical for the establishment of quarantine regulations, screening for genetic resistance to plant pathogens, and the study of ecosystem function. Concatenation analysis of multi-locus DNA sequence data represents a powerful and commonly used approach to recognizing evolutionary independent lineages in fungi. It is however possible to mask the discordance between individual gene trees, thus the speciation events might be erroneously estimated if one simply recognizes well supported clades as distinct species without implementing a careful examination of species boundary. To investigate this phenomenon, we studied Colletotrichum siamense s. lat., which is a cosmopolitan pathogen causing serious diseases on many economically important plant hosts. Presently there are significant disagreements among mycologists as to what constitutes a species in C. siamense s. lat., with the number of accepted species ranging from one to seven. RESULTS: In this study, multiple approaches were used to test the null hypothesis "C. siamense is a species complex", using a global strain collection. Results of molecular analyses based on the Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition (GCPSR) and coalescent methods (e.g. Generalized Mixed Yule-coalescent and Poisson Tree Processes) do not support the recognition of any independent evolutionary lineages within C. siamense s. lat. as distinct species, thus rejecting the null hypothesis. This conclusion is reinforced by the recognition of genetic recombination, cross fertility, and the comparison of ecological and morphological characters. Our results indicate that reproductive isolation, geographic and host plant barriers to gene flow are absent in C. siamense s. lat. CONCLUSIONS: This discovery emphasized the importance of a polyphasic approach when describing novel species in morphologically conserved genera of plant pathogenic fungi.

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