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    Group A Streptococcus, Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease: Epidemiology and Clinical Considerations.

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    Author
    Zühlke, LJ; Beaton, A; Engel, ME; Hugo-Hamman, CT; Karthikeyan, G; Katzenellenbogen, JM; Ntusi, N; Ralph, AP; Saxena, A; Smeesters, PR; ...
    Date
    2017-02
    Source Title
    Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine
    Publisher
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Smeesters, Pierre
    Affiliation
    Paediatrics (RCH)
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Zühlke, L. J., Beaton, A., Engel, M. E., Hugo-Hamman, C. T., Karthikeyan, G., Katzenellenbogen, J. M., Ntusi, N., Ralph, A. P., Saxena, A., Smeesters, P. R., Watkins, D., Zilla, P. & Carapetis, J. (2017). Group A Streptococcus, Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease: Epidemiology and Clinical Considerations.. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med, 19 (2), pp.15-. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-017-0513-y.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/258415
    DOI
    10.1007/s11936-017-0513-y
    Open Access at PMC
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5346434
    Abstract
    OPINION STATEMENT: Early recognition of group A streptococcal pharyngitis and appropriate management with benzathine penicillin using local clinical prediction rules together with validated rapi-strep testing when available should be incorporated in primary health care. A directed approach to the differential diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever now includes the concept of low-risk versus medium-to-high risk populations. Initiation of secondary prophylaxis and the establishment of early medium to long-term care plans is a key aspect of the management of ARF. It is a requirement to identify high-risk individuals with RHD such as those with heart failure, pregnant women, and those with severe disease and multiple valve involvement. As penicillin is the mainstay of primary and secondary prevention, further research into penicillin supply chains, alternate preparations and modes of delivery is required.

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