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    Associations of Vitamin D with Inter- and Intra-Muscular Adipose Tissue and Insulin Resistance in Women with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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    Author
    Scott, D; Joham, A; Teede, H; Gibson-Helm, M; Harrison, C; Cassar, S; Hutchison, S; Ebeling, PR; Stepto, N; de Courten, B
    Date
    2016-12-01
    Source Title
    Nutrients
    Publisher
    MDPI AG
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Ebeling, Peter; Scott, David; Stepto, Nigel
    Affiliation
    Medicine and Radiology
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Scott, D., Joham, A., Teede, H., Gibson-Helm, M., Harrison, C., Cassar, S., Hutchison, S., Ebeling, P. R., Stepto, N. & de Courten, B. (2016). Associations of Vitamin D with Inter- and Intra-Muscular Adipose Tissue and Insulin Resistance in Women with and without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. NUTRIENTS, 8 (12), https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8120774.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/259142
    DOI
    10.3390/nu8120774
    Open Access at PMC
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5188429
    Abstract
    Low vitamin D and insulin resistance are common in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and associated with higher inter- and intra-muscular adipose tissue (IMAT). We investigated associations between vitamin D, IMAT and insulin resistance in a cross-sectional study of 40 women with PCOS and 30 women without PCOS, and pre- and post-exercise in a 12-week intervention in 16 overweight participants (10 with PCOS and six without PCOS). A non-classical body mass index (BMI) threshold was used to differentiate lean and overweight women (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m²). Measurements included plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), insulin resistance (glucose infusion rate (GIR; mg/m²/min), fasting glucose and insulin, and glycated haemoglobin), visceral fat, mid-thigh IMAT (computed tomography) and total body fat (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry). Women with both PCOS and low 25OHD levels had the lowest GIR (all p < 0.05). Higher IMAT was associated with lower 25OHD (B = -3.95; 95% CI -6.86, -1.05) and GIR (B = -21.3; 95% CI -37.16, -5.44) in women with PCOS. Overweight women with pre-exercise 25OHD ≥30 nmol/L had significant increases in GIR, and decreases in total and visceral fat (all p < 0.044), but no associations were observed when stratified by PCOS status. Women with PCOS and low 25OHD levels have increased insulin resistance which may be partly explained by higher IMAT. Higher pre-training 25OHD levels may enhance exercise-induced changes in body composition and insulin resistance in overweight women.

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