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    After the games are over: life-history trade-offs drive dispersal attenuation following range expansion

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    15
    Author
    Perkins, TA; Boettiger, C; Phillips, BL
    Date
    2016-09-01
    Source Title
    Ecology and Evolution
    Publisher
    WILEY
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Phillips, Benjamin
    Affiliation
    School of BioSciences
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Perkins, T. A., Boettiger, C. & Phillips, B. L. (2016). After the games are over: life-history trade-offs drive dispersal attenuation following range expansion. ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION, 6 (18), pp.6425-6434. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2314.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/260148
    DOI
    10.1002/ece3.2314
    Abstract
    Increased dispersal propensity often evolves on expanding range edges due to the Olympic Village effect, which involves the fastest and fittest finding themselves together in the same place at the same time, mating, and giving rise to like individuals. But what happens after the range's leading edge has passed and the games are over? Although empirical studies indicate that dispersal propensity attenuates following range expansion, hypotheses about the mechanisms driving this attenuation have not been clearly articulated or tested. Here, we used a simple model of the spatiotemporal dynamics of two phenotypes, one fast and the other slow, to propose that dispersal attenuation beyond preexpansion levels is only possible in the presence of trade-offs between dispersal and life-history traits. The Olympic Village effect ensures that fast dispersers preempt locations far from the range's previous limits. When trade-offs are absent, this preemptive spatial advantage has a lasting impact, with highly dispersive individuals attaining equilibrium frequencies that are strictly higher than their introduction frequencies. When trade-offs are present, dispersal propensity decays rapidly at all locations. Our model's results about the postcolonization trajectory of dispersal evolution are clear and, in principle, should be observable in field studies. We conclude that empirical observations of postcolonization dispersal attenuation offer a novel way to detect the existence of otherwise elusive trade-offs between dispersal and life-history traits.

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