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    Bone Marrow T Cells and the Integrated Functions of Recirculating and Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells

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    Author
    Di Rosa, F; Gebhardt, T
    Date
    2016-02-16
    Source Title
    Frontiers in Immunology
    Publisher
    FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
    University of Melbourne Author/s
    Gebhardt, Thomas
    Affiliation
    Microbiology and Immunology
    Metadata
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    Document Type
    Journal Article
    Citations
    Di Rosa, F. & Gebhardt, T. (2016). Bone Marrow T Cells and the Integrated Functions of Recirculating and Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells. FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY, 7 (FEB), https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2016.00051.
    Access Status
    Open Access
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/11343/260230
    DOI
    10.3389/fimmu.2016.00051
    Abstract
    Changes in T cell trafficking accompany the naive to memory T cell antigen-driven differentiation, which remains an incompletely defined developmental step. Upon priming, each naive T cell encounters essential signals - i.e., antigen, co-stimuli and cytokines - in a secondary lymphoid organ; nevertheless, its daughter effector and memory T cells recirculate and receive further signals during their migration through various lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs. These additional signals from tissue microenvironments have an impact on immune response features, including T cell effector function, expansion and contraction, memory differentiation, long-term maintenance, and recruitment upon antigenic rechallenge into local and/or systemic responses. The critical role of T cell trafficking in providing efficient T cell memory has long been a focus of interest. It is now well recognized that naive and memory T cells have different migratory pathways, and that memory T cells are heterogeneous with respect to their trafficking. We and others have observed that, long time after priming, memory T cells are preferentially found in certain niches such as the bone marrow (BM) or at the skin/mucosal site of pathogen entry, even in the absence of residual antigen. The different underlying mechanisms and peculiarities of resulting immunity are currently under study. In this review, we summarize key findings on BM and tissue-resident memory (TRM) T cells and revisit some issues in memory T cell maintenance within such niches. Moreover, we discuss BM seeding by memory T cells in the context of migration patterns and protective functions of either recirculating or TRM T cells.

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