Imaging at atomic resolution based on the inelastic scattering of electrons has become firmly established in the last three decades. Harald Rose pioneered much of the early theoretical work on this topic, in particular emphasising the role of phase and the importance of a mixed dynamic form factor. In this paper we review how the modelling of inelastic scattering has subsequently developed and how numerical implementation has been achieved. A software package mu STEM is introduced, capable of simulating various imaging modes based on inelastic scattering in both scanning and conventional transmission electron microscopy.

Partially-coherent, quasi-monochromatic optical fields are fully described by their Mutual Optical Intensity (MOI) or the phase-space equivalent, the Generalised Radiance (GR). This paper reports on the application of a propagation-based phase-space tomographic technique for determining both the MOI and the GR of wavefields. This method is applied to the reconstruction of the MOI and the GR of an optical wavefield propagated through a suspension of ~10 μm diameter polystyrene spheres.

Compound resonances in nucleon-nucleus scattering are related to the discrete spectrum of the target. Such resonances can be studied in a unified and general framework by a scattering model that uses sturmian expansions of postulated multichannel interactions between the colliding nuclei. Associated with such expanded multichannel interactions are algebraic multichannel scattering matrices. The matrix structure of the inherent Green functions not only facilitates extraction of the sub-threshold (compound nucleus) bound state spin-parity values and energies but also readily gives the energies and widths of resonances in the scattering regime. We exploited also the ability of the sturmian-expansion method to deal with non-local interactions to take into account the strong non-local effects introduced by the Pauli principle. As an example, we have used the collective model (to second order) to define a multichannel potential matrix for low energy neutron-C12 scattering allowing coupling between the 0+ (ground), 2+ (4.4389 MeV), and 0+ (7.64 MeV) states. The algebraic S matrix for this system has been evaluated and the sub-threshold bound states as well as cross sections and polarizations as functions of energy are predicted. The results are reflected in the actual measured data, and are shown to be consistent with expectations as may be based upon a shell model description of the target and of the compound nucleus.

We consider the inverse problem of in-line holography, applied to minimally-destructive imagingof cold atom clouds. Absorption imaging near resonance provides a simple, but destructive measurementof atom column density. Imaging off resonance greatly reduces heating, and sequential imagesmay be taken. Under the conditions required for off-resonant imaging, the generally-intractable inverseproblem may be linearized. A minimally-destructive, quantitative and high-resolution imageof the atom cloud column density is then retrieved from a single diffraction pattern.