Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most important greenhouse gas (GHG) attributable to human activity. Many natural components are responsible for the carbon emissions in the atmosphere. Therefore, large uncertainties exist in ...

A new multi-component reactive transport model at the pore-scale is developed using a Java interface which combines COMSOL® and PhreeqC. The model solves for flow, transport and chemical reactions at the mineral-fluid ...

The rupture mechanisms of intermediate depth earthquakes have led to a view that subducting slabs often exhibit either bulk extension or shortening in the upper mantle. Additionally, bending-related deformation has been ...

Climate extreme events, such as droughts, heat waves, cold spells or heavy precipitation events, pose significant risks to food production and the livelihoods of farmers. Understanding the effect of such events on crop ...

The climate system integrates internally and externally induced variability at various time scales as a result of interactions between the ocean and atmosphere. The influence of external forcing on the climate system and ...

A radical shift from a high- to a low-carbon energy system is not occurring at the speed required to address climate change. One reason for this, is that conventional energy firms are locked into producing shareholder ...

Geoengineering, the technofix to climate change, is a complex, contentious and high-stakes proposal. Yet in the absence of credible long-term global emissions reduction, the idea cannot be overlooked. To ensure that ...

The brown coals of the Latrobe Group, Gippsland Basin, Australia, record an exceptional terrestrial floral and climate record from the Eocene to Miocene. Detailed palynological analysis reveals that the peatland floral ...

The Cryogenian Period (720–635 Ma) experienced extreme glaciations broadly coincident with a transformation of the Earth’s surface oxidation state, supercontinent breakup, and the evolution of complex animal multicellularity. ...

Archaean greenstone belts are Earth’s oldest known volcanic rock records of an early, less differentiated crust. This study targets the Palaeoarchaean volcanic rock record of the East Pilbara Craton in Western Australia ...