- Computing and Information Systems - Research Publications
Computing and Information Systems - Research Publications
Permanent URI for this collection
2494 results
Filters
Settings
Statistics
Citations
Search Results
Now showing
1 - 10 of 2494
-
ItemHelping and not Harming Animals with AICoghlan, S ; Parker, C (Springer, 2024-03-01)Ethical discussions about Artificial Intelligence (AI) often overlook its potentially large impact on nonhuman animals. In a recent commentary on our paper about AI’s possible harms, Leonie Bossert argues for a focus not just on the possible negative impacts but also the possible beneficial outcomes of AI for animals. We welcome this call to increase awareness of AI that helps animals: developing and using AI to improve animal wellbeing and promote positive dimensions in animal lives should be a vital ethical goal. Nonetheless, we argue that there is some value in focusing on technology-based harms in the context of AI ethics and policy discourses. A harms framework for AI can inform some of our strongest duties to animals and inform regulation and risk assessment impacts designed to prevent serious harms to humans, the environment, and animals.
-
ItemA Taxonomy of Live Migration Management in Cloud ComputingHe, T ; Buyya, R (ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY, 2024-03)Cloud Data Centers have become the key infrastructure for providing services. Instance migration across different computing nodes in edge and cloud computing is essential to guarantee the quality of service in dynamic environments. Many studies have been conducted on dynamic resource management involving migrating Virtual Machines to achieve various objectives, such as load balancing, consolidation, performance, energy-saving, and disaster recovery. Some have investigated to improve and predict the performance of single live migration. Recently, several research studies service migration in edge-centric computing paradigms. However, there is a lack of taxonomy and survey that focuses on the management of live migration in edge and cloud computing environments. In this article, we examine the characteristics of each field and propose a migration management-centric taxonomy to provide a holistic framework and guideline for researchers on the topic, including the performance and cost model, migration generations in resource management algorithms, migration planning and scheduling, and migration lifecycle management and orchestration. We also identify research gaps and opportunities to improve the performance of resource management with live migrations.
-
ItemRepresenting alkaline hydrolysis: a material-semiotic analysis of an alternative to burial and cremationArnold, M ; Kohn, T ; Nansen, B ; Allison, F (Taylor and Francis Group, 2024)Alkaline hydrolysis can lay claim to being a resource-efficient, effective, economical and environmentally sound method of final body disposition, relative to burial and cremation. On technical grounds it may have much to recommend it, however, like many other technical innovations, its take-up is hindered by the fact that it lacks a clear position in the public imagination. For this position to take shape, an understanding of just what it is and what it offers is required by proponents in the funeral industry who advise the bereaved, as well as by the material representations of the alkaline hydrolysis technologies themselves. In this article, we describe and analyse four extant alternative material and discursive forms of alkaline hydrolysis and how they variously occupy the fraught space where morality, death and marketing converge. Currently, each of the four forms of alkaline hydrolysis struggle to represent themselves in a public narrative that conveys their different ontologies and their competitive advantage, relative to burial and cremation, and this paper describes some key rhetorical and technical aspects of these struggles.
-
ItemNo Preview AvailableChampioning Better Care for Young People with Stroke: Australia's New Young Stroke ServiceBorschmann, KN ; Thijs, V ; Capurro, D ; Wong, D ; Power, E ; Lannin, N ; Giummarra, M ; Rose, T ; Cadilhac, D ; Parsons, B ; Murphy, L ; Hayward, KS ; Withiel, T ; Brodtmann, A ; Bladin, C ; Crotty, M ; Bernhardt, J (Sage, 2023-08)Background: The Australian Stroke Clinical Registry collects information on national acute stroke care standards. Variation in care between hospitals impacts patient outcomes. Aims: To illustrate hospital performance in four priority areas of acute stroke care (stroke unit treatment, time to neuroimaging, thrombolysis door-to-needle time (DTNT), and swallowing assessments). Methods: Across 7 states/territories, 60 adult public hospitals provided 2021 data. Adherence was determined as the percentage of eligible patients treated. Funnel plots were used identify exceptional (>3 standard deviations above national average) and poor (>3 standard deviations below national average) performance. For continuous outcomes (neuroimaging timing or DTNT), we described hospitals with performance outside of the national interquartile range. Results: Overall, 16,458 episodes of stroke were analysed (median age 75 years, 43% female, 81% ischaemic). There were 27 hospitals with exceptional adherence to stroke unit care, 13 with poor adherence and 3 with no episodes treated in a stroke unit. Stroke unit treatment was less common in regional hospitals (68% vs metropolitan 80%, p<0.001). Median time from arrival to neuroimaging was 41 minutes, 2 hospitals were above the 75th percentile (>87 minutes) and 5 hospitals were below the 25th percentile (<20 minutes). Among 1320 patients with ischaemic stroke who received intravenous thrombolysis, the median DTNT was 77 minutes. Only 5 (8%) hospitals had a median DTNT ⩽60 minutes, 4 (7%) below the 25th percentile (56.5 minutes), while 18 (30%) had DTNT above the 75th percentile (107 minutes). Only 58% of all patients had their swallowing screened/assessed prior to oral intake; and 29% within 4 hours of arrival (9 hospitals with exceptional adherence; 12 with poor adherence). Conclusion: Despite strong evidence for recommended acute stroke care practices, there remains significant variation between Australian hospitals. The standardised registry data are essential to identifying areas for improvement against national benchmarks and to support stroke unit certification.
-
ItemSpecial issue on efficient management of microservice-based systems and applicationsXu, M ; Dustdar, S ; Villari, M ; Buyya, R (Wiley, 2023)
-
ItemValidation of a modified problematic use of mobile phones scale to examine problematic smartphone use and dependenceNawaz, S ; Bhowmik, J ; Linden, T ; Mitchell, M (Elsevier BV, 2024-01-30)Over the past decade, the world population has experienced rapid and widespread adoption of smartphones due to their usefulness and convenience. However, researchers have identified a range of adverse behaviours associated with the adoption of smartphones and their higher use. These behaviours are collectively described as Problematic Smartphone Use and Dependence (PSUD). Despite growing research, the underlying processes and drivers leading to these behaviours are inadequately understood. This can partly be attributed to the absence of developed statistical tools and measures that allow researchers to build a comprehensive conceptual understanding of PSUD. To address this issue, this study proposes and evaluates a validated extension to the Problematic Use of Mobile Phones (PUMP) scale. The extension of this tool incorporates factors associated with substance dependence outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), including additional items to measure PSUD accurately, referred to as the modified problematic use of mobile phones (MPUMP) scale. The newly developed tool was used in a cross-sectional online survey during September and October 2022, drawing on 1018 adult Australian participants. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) were conducted to derive the underlying factors. The EFA revealed two distinct factors: Distraction and Dysregulation. Both factors exhibited high internal consistency, with Cronbach's Alpha coefficients of 0.92 and 0.86, respectively. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant variations inthe identified factors' mean scores across different socio-demographic characteristics. The study provides evidence that the MPUMP scale is a validated and reliable measure for accurately assessing PSUD. The study findings offer novel insights into the psychosocial and physical aspects of PSUD, providing a foundation for exploring the causes and potential interventions for PSUD.
-
ItemTowards a Haptic Taxonomy of Emotions: Exploring Vibrotactile Stimulation in the Dorsal RegionVilla, S ; Nguyen, TD ; Tag, B ; Machulla, TK ; Schmidt, A ; Niess, J (ACM, 2023-10-08)
-
ItemProactive digital workplace transformation: Unpacking identity change mechanisms in remote-first organisationsBruenker, F ; Marx, J ; Mirbabaie, M ; Stieglitz, S (SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2023-01-01)Digital transformation fundamentally changes the way individuals conduct work in organisations. In accordance with this statement, prevalent literature understands digital workplace transformation as a second-order effect of implementing new information technology to increase organisational effectiveness or reach other strategic goals. This paper, in contrast, provides empirical evidence from two remote-first organisations that undergo a proactive rather than reactive digital workplace transformation. The analysis of these cases suggests that new ways of working can be the consequence of an identity change that is a precondition for introducing new information technology rather than its outcome. The resulting process model contributes a competing argument to the existing debate in digital transformation literature. Instead of issuing digital workplace transformation as a deliverable of technological progress and strategic goals, this paper supports a notion of digital workplace transformation that serves a desired identity based on work preferences.
-
ItemNo Preview AvailableChainsFormer: A Chain Latency-Aware Resource Provisioning Approach for Microservices ClusterSong, C ; Xu, M ; Ye, K ; Wu, H ; Gill, SS ; Buyya, R ; Xu, C ; Monti, F ; Rinderle-Ma, S ; Cortes, AR ; Zheng, Z ; Mecella, M (SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG, 2023)
-
ItemNo Preview AvailableWorkshop on Understanding and Mitigating Cognitive Biases in Human-AI CollaborationBoonprakong, N ; He, G ; Gadiraju, U ; Van Berkel, N ; Wang, D ; Chen, S ; Liu, J ; Tag, B ; Goncalves, J ; Dingler, T (ACM, 2023-10-14)