Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease affecting 1 to 2% people aged over 65. Cytoplasmic inclusions are pathognomonic of PD and point to dysregulation of protein clearance as a central part of the ...

Schizophrenia is a major mental illness caused by genetic and environmental factors. In addition to dopaminergic dysfunction, evidence has associated 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) with schizophrenia. The serotonergic ...

All vertebrates have small bioinorganic “earstones” in their inner ear labyrinth that are essential for hearing and balance. While otoliths play a vital anatomical role in fish, their true value to science is as biochronometers, ...

Methamphetamine is a highly addictive psychostimulant that is used world-wide. The age of initial methamphetamine use typically occurs during adolescence, which is a particularly vulnerable period to the development of ...

Metal dyshomeostasis is an important neurodegenerative event that can affect the structure and function of proteins, such as tau. Tau binds metals including copper, iron and zinc, and may undergo conformational changes ...

The worldwide prevalence of epilepsy is between 2-3 % with many unmet clinical and health policy needs, especially in developing countries. Current estimates suggest that as many as 70 % of all epilepsy syndromes have a ...

Neuroligins (NLGNs) are members of trans-synaptic protein complexes that mediate synaptic transmission and plasticity, both of which are critical for information processing and cognition. Genetic risk factors for a range ...

With population aging, understanding cognitive changes that occur in late life is vital to support these increasing numbers of older adults to maintain their wellbeing and independence. Furthermore, accurate estimates of ...

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI), has been diagnosed in over 355,000 US military service personnel since 2000. Epidemiological research indicates that veterans with TBI are two-to-four times more likely to develop ...

Improvements in medical science have drastically increased survival for infants suffering from neonatal arterial ischemic stroke (NAIS). However, the failure to reverse the associated injuries has resulted in increased ...