Stroke is the third most common cause of death in most Western countries and the major cause of disability. The distinction between stroke subtypes and knowledge of the time of stroke onset is critical in clinical practice. ...

Schizophrenia is increasingly considered a syndrome of biologically distinct disorders. Notably, post-mortem study delineated a subgroup of subjects with decreased cortical muscarinic M1 receptors, termed muscarinic receptor ...

Proteostasis (protein homeostasis) is essential for keeping the proteome functional. This process controls protein synthesis, folding and degradation and involves hundreds of genes, including those encoding chaperones, to ...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease affecting 1 to 2% people aged over 65. Cytoplasmic inclusions are pathognomonic of PD and point to dysregulation of protein clearance as a central part of the ...

Schizophrenia is a major mental illness caused by genetic and environmental factors. In addition to dopaminergic dysfunction, evidence has associated 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) with schizophrenia. The serotonergic ...

All vertebrates have small bioinorganic “earstones” in their inner ear labyrinth that are essential for hearing and balance. While otoliths play a vital anatomical role in fish, their true value to science is as biochronometers, ...

Methamphetamine is a highly addictive psychostimulant that is used world-wide. The age of initial methamphetamine use typically occurs during adolescence, which is a particularly vulnerable period to the development of ...

Metal dyshomeostasis is an important neurodegenerative event that can affect the structure and function of proteins, such as tau. Tau binds metals including copper, iron and zinc, and may undergo conformational changes ...

The worldwide prevalence of epilepsy is between 2-3 % with many unmet clinical and health policy needs, especially in developing countries. Current estimates suggest that as many as 70 % of all epilepsy syndromes have a ...

Neuroligins (NLGNs) are members of trans-synaptic protein complexes that mediate synaptic transmission and plasticity, both of which are critical for information processing and cognition. Genetic risk factors for a range ...