Prevalence of depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation and behaviours in young people presenting with a first episode of psychosis
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2025-03-01
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Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine
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CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
Melbourne Authors
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Centre for Youth Mental Health
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Journal Article
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FitzPatrick, P., Brown, E., Street, R. & O’Donoghue, B. (2025). Prevalence of depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation and behaviours in young people presenting with a first episode of psychosis. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine, 42 (1), pp.21-27. https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2024.26.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Suicide accounts for a proportion of the early mortality in people affected by psychotic disorders. The early phase of illness can represent a particularly high-risk time for suicide. Therefore, in a cohort of young people presenting with first-episode psychosis, this study aimed to determine: (i) the prevalence of suicidal ideation, intent with plan and self-harm and any associated demographic or clinical factors and (ii) the prevalence of depressive symptoms and any associated demographic or clinical factors. METHODS: Young people with a first episode of psychosis attending the Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre in Melbourne were included. Suicidal behaviours were recorded using a structured risk assessment - 'Clinical Risk Assessment and Management in the Community', and depressive symptoms were measured using the PHQ-9. RESULTS: A total of 355 young people were included in the study. 57.2% were male, 95.4% were single and over one quarter were migrants. At the time of presentation, 34.6% had suicidal ideation, 6.2% had suicidal intent with a plan, and 21.4% had engaged in self-harm before their presentation. Combined, 39.7% (n = 141) presented with suicidal ideation, intent with plan or self-harm. A total of 71.5% (n = 118) had moderately severe or severe depressive symptoms, which was strongly associated with suicidal ideation or behaviours at the time of presentation (OR = 4.21, 95% C.I. 2.10-8.44). CONCLUSIONS: Depressive symptoms, self-harm and suicidal behaviours are commonly present in the early phases of a psychotic disorder, which has important clinical implications for assessment and management.