Factors affecting vitamin D status in infants
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Date
2019-01-01
Source Title
Children
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MDPI
Melbourne Authors
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Paediatrics (RCH)
Melbourne School of Population and Global Health
Melbourne School of Population and Global Health
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Journal Article
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Fink, C., Peters, R. L., Koplin, J. J., Brown, J. & Allen, K. J. (2019). Factors affecting vitamin D status in infants. Children, 6 (1), https://doi.org/10.3390/children6010007.
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Open Access
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Abstract
Vitamin D is critical to children's skeletal development and health. Despite this, the factors which determine vitamin D concentrations during infancy remain incompletely understood. This article reviews the literature assessing the factors which can affect vitamin D status in infancy, including antenatal and postnatal vitamin D supplementation. Observational data supports that dietary intake of vitamin D, UV exposure, and geographic factors contribute significantly to infants' vitamin D status, but the relationship is unclear regarding genetic variation, ethnicity, and maternal vitamin D status. Randomised controlled trials have compared higher versus lower doses of infant vitamin D supplementation, but no studies have compared infant vitamin D supplementation to placebo and eliminated external sources of vitamin D to fully quantify its effect on vitamin D status. Knowledge gaps remain regarding the factors associated with optimal vitamin D concentrations in infants-including key factors such as ethnicity and genetic variation-and further studies are needed.