The Reinvention of Moral Ecologies in Indonesia
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2023
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Plural Ecologies in Southeast Asia: Hierarchies, Conflicts, and Coexistence
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Routledge
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Asia Institute
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Reuter, T. (2023). The Reinvention of Moral Ecologies in Indonesia. Duile, T (Ed.). Grossmann, K (Ed.). Haug, M (Ed.). Sprenger, G (Ed.). Plural Ecologies in Southeast Asia: Hierarchies, Conflicts, and Coexistence, (1st), pp.149-168. Routledge.
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Abstract
The desolate state of global ecosystems now calls for food systems that are sustainable and regenerative. Proponents of a still hegemonic modernist ecology demand ever more ruthless production maximization instead. The battle for hegemony between the two different ecologies is heating up. In practice, however, compromises are inevitable and bound to produce plural ecologies at the local level, and what happens locally is vital because local food systems largely determine whether the overall ecology of a nation will be sustainable or not. Using the island of Java in Indonesia as a case study, this paper explores an emerging movement for more ‘moral’ ecologies that nevertheless also retain elements of modernist scientific ecologies based on rational control of nature. A regenerative agriculture movement has grown in Java that advocates for food systems and wider ecologies to become more sustainable and equitable. While evoking traditional ecologies and associated values, this movement embraces environmental science and innovation. Overall, their post-modern “plural ecologies” strive for high productivity, secure livelihoods, food security for all, and balanced coexistence with nature.